Sights of Ust-Kamenogorsk. History of Ust-Kamenogorsk in dates Higher educational institutions and colleges

The first thing that impresses Ust-Kamenogorsk, the center of the East Kazakhstan region (321 thousand inhabitants) is its name: two words, three roots and the question is, what other mouth is near the mountain? But Uskaman is like that - complex and ambiguous. A Cossack fortress, then a county town, then an industrial giant with acidic air - each incarnation brought a new historical center to the Uka. In the last two parts, I showed a mining area with a mainly Russian population and bizarre ones in the Kazakh steppe beyond the Irtysh. And Ust-Kamenogorsk stands at the junction of these two elements, at the gates of the Kazakh Altai, perhaps the most isolated corner of the vast country.

I have accumulated material about Ust-Kamenogorsk as much as five parts, and 2.5 of them will be in parks - there are two small "skansens" in the city. In the first part - the general flavor of the city and the Left Bank of the Irtysh, where a new center is being built.

The best view of this city is not at all from a bomber, but from the low Chechek pass on the Samara highway - as already mentioned in the last part, it does not lead to Samara, but to the village of Samara and further beyond the Irtysh. Here it is, the whole UKA - mountains, high-rise buildings of improved series and PIPES. They dominate the city like Notre Dame over medieval Paris, and always smoke. And between the point where this shot was taken from and the pipes - there is also the Irtysh, and the entire city center:

In the 1710s, in the centenary war of the Kazakhs and the Dzungars (I will talk about it in more detail in the last part), Russia wedged itself in the person of the Irtysh fortified line along the right (Dzhungar) bank of the river. In 1716, Ivan Buchholz founded, in 1718 Vasily Cheredov laid (the ruins of the Dzungarian pagodas), in 1720 Koryakovsky outpost appeared below the latter - the future. In the same year, the Cossack detachment of Ivan Likharev went down the river to Lake Zaisan, but turned back either when faced with the superior forces of Dzungaria, or not daring to go up the shallow Black Irtysh. The Cossacks considered the arrow of the Irtysh and Ulb to be an ideal place to dig in. s , and in 1720 the Ust-Kamenogorsk, or simply Ust-Kamennaya fortress was laid there (until 1809 both options were in use). The strange name becomes logical if we remember that the high rocky mountains in the country of the great plains were called "stones", and even the Old Believers who settled in Altai 30 years later were called "masons" in the censuses. Ust-Kamenogorsk means the place where the mountains end, and the Irtysh goes to the endless plain. This is the first feature of Uskaman: the city is located in an extremely beautiful place between the spurs of the Altai and the Kalbinsk mountains across the river. The heights of the surrounding peaks are a little less than a kilometer.

For almost a hundred years, the Ust-Kamennaya Fortress remained a remote outpost in a hostile region. Even bread was delivered here along the Irtysh, for which the peasants were mobilized for barge work, and only in 1747 the Cossacks were forced to "stick plowing" (that is, from under the stick). The Siberian Cossacks were the first settlers of this region, in 1762 Catherine the Second invited the Old Believers here (and those who did not go themselves were soon brought by force), but only in 1804 the garrison of the Ust-Kamennaya fortress received the status of a village. However, the merchant pressed the Cossack from the Irtysh more and more, peasant villages grew between the villages, their merchants and cunning Bukharians came from the depths of the steppe ... but not the smallest either: by the beginning of the 20th century, 8.7 thousand people lived here, mostly Russians; Tatars and Kazakhs together accounted for about 15% of the population. The border of the Semipalatinsk region with the Tomsk province passed mainly along the Irtysh, so the city itself belonged to the first, and already its suburbs - to the second. But unlike Omsk or Semipalatinsk, the Ust-Kamenogorsk fortress continued to serve its intended purpose - although the last old people who remembered the Dzungarian raids died long ago, the virgin Middle Ages reigned in the steppe and sometimes uprisings rose, and higher up the mountains began the irreplaceable Rudny Altai, where they mined silver and lead for all of Russia. It was covered by the Ust-Kamenogorsk fortress, and in 1879, with the decline of the mines and the abolition of the mining district, it was not liquidated, but only transferred to the balance of the city. The last time the Ust-Kamenogorsk fortress reminded of itself was in 1918 as the Siberian Shlisselburg, a place of massacre of the traditionally strong in this region, the whites over the reds. In essence, the fortress still exists today - like a prison that occupies that long white building over there. Other buildings of the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, including the white Trinity Church (1789-1810), have been occupied by the monastery since 1993. The fortress stands quite far from the historical center: its esplanades were built up only in the 1970s and 80s.

Geologist Vladimir Kotulsky established back in 1916 that there were a lot of ores left in Rudny Altai, and new technologies would allow them to be extracted, but another government began to implement his ideas. In 1930, the Rubtsovsk-Ridder railway passed through Ust-Kamenogorsk, which was necessary for the export of ores, and the construction of the Ridder (Leninogorsk) polymetallic plant began up the mountains. A little later, they took up the reconstruction of Zyryanovsk, the only one that survived the degradation of the Rudny Altai in the 19th century, in general, a full-fledged territorial production complex developed between the Irtysh and Altai. It should be noted that Uskaman himself was a part of the future Kazakhstan from the moment of its formation in 1920, and a year later, part of Zmeinogorsky and the entire Bukhtarma district - the current Kazakh Altai - were transferred from the Altai province to the new republic. Initially, it was the Semipalatinsk region, from which in 1932 the East Kazakhstan region stood out with the center in Ust-Kamenogorsk. I don’t really understand why this region itself did not remain part of the RSFSR - the Russian population prevailed here, and logistically it was clearly closer to Omsk and Novosibirsk than to Alma-Ata. Perhaps, in those days, they simply wanted to "strengthen" the frankly backward Kazakhstan with an industrial area. In 1997, the authorities of independent Kazakhstan had to sacrifice the Semipalatinsk region, including it in the East Kazakhstan region, but even so, the share of Kazakhs in its population barely exceeded half. If we consider the "small" East Kazakhstan region within the old borders, then out of 712 thousand of its inhabitants, Russians (with a small share of Ukrainians and Germans) still account for 60%, and Kazakhs - only 35%. Mount Kazakhstan hangs over the city (historically - Furnaces), crowned with an observation deck - in my opinion a very symbolic image!

I don’t know for sure whether the Soviet authorities had the original plans to make Ust-Kamenogorsk itself an industrial giant, but as often happened in the Asian half of the country, the war played its role here: in 1942, the evacuated Electrozinc plant from Ordzhonikidze (Vladikavkaz) arrived at the UK , well, after the war, with the help of German reparations, the giants of non-ferrous metallurgy began to build here one after another: in 1947, a lead-zinc plant was launched, in 1949 - the Ulba Metallurgical Plant, in 1951 they were given the first current by the Ust-Kamenogorsk hydroelectric power station, since 1958 and the production of equipment for them was taken up by Vostokmashzavod, and in 1962 all this magnificence was supplemented by a titanium-magnesium plant. In independent Kazakhstan, UKA has also become the center of the automotive industry, or rather car assembly - the Asia-Avto plant, which has been operating since 2002, rivets from 10 to 30 thousand cars a year, mainly Skoda, Kia and Lada. Ust-Kamenogorsk could perhaps be called the all-Union capital of non-ferrous metallurgy - maybe not the same volumes here as in copper-nickel Norilsk or aluminum Bratsk, but an amazing assortment.

In the frame above, the pipes of the titanium-magnesium plant, which Kazakhstan shares with Belgium and England, stick out from behind the mountain. In the frame below, the tall pipes on the left belong to the Ust-Kamenogorsk lead-zinc plant. Since 1997, it has been the head enterprise of Kazzinc, a subsidiary of the Swiss concern Glencore, and in addition to zinc and lead itself, copper, antimony, mercury, silver, gold, cadmium, thallium, bismuth, indium and selenium are produced here in small quantities. But the main Ust-Kamenogorsk plant is Ulba, which in the frame above owns thin low pipes on the right, and it produces such exotic metals as beryllium, tantalum and niobium. Moreover, if in the second two this enterprise is not in the lead, then the world production of beryllium is about 300 tons per year, and almost all of it is concentrated in three countries - the USA, China and Kazakhstan. Beryllium is used in various alloys, rocket fuel, nuclear reaction equipment, but most importantly, it is one of the components of nuclear fuel, and since Kazakhstan is also the absolute world leader in uranium mining, it is nuclear fuel that is the main specialization of UMP. Kazakhstanis do not give Ulba to anyone, and in fact, through the chain of Kazatomprom and the national welfare fund Samruk-Kazyna, the plant belongs, if not to the state itself, then to its top officials. And soon Ulba will become indispensable on a global scale: during the days of our trip, the whole of Kazakhstan was discussing an agreement on the construction of an International Nuclear Fuel Bank in Ust-Kamenogorsk. Rumors were circulating around Semipalatinsk that soon the Criminal Code would be made a closed city, and the regional center would be returned to them in Semey.

And of course, such a city cannot but have a very peculiar atmosphere .... in the very truest sense of the word:

Sulfur dioxide, lead and other heavy metals, toxic beryllium, radioactive uranium - before the trip, I knew that the air in Ust-Kamenogorsk is definitely not the most healthy. In 1989, a fire at the Ulba generated a 300-kilometer-long toxic cloud that almost got into the Guinness Book. But in general, I have long developed a certain immunity to stories about the "horrors of our town": locals everywhere are ready to talk at least about terrible pollution, at least about bloodthirsty gopniks, at least about frost or rain, but if a visiting blogger focuses on this, they immediately start pointing fingers : "ha, bought it!". Therefore, when a girl from Semipalatinsk told me that she could not live in much more prosperous Ust-Kamenogorsk because of the dirty air, I did not take it too seriously. There were, of course, truly infernal samples of industrial pollution in my memory: in a lifeless valley, smelling of sulfur, covered with black soot ... And Ust-Kamenogorsk impressed even against their background, on a sunny day after a rain covered with a bluish acid haze:

The main difference between the UK and Nikel or Karabash is that several hundred thousand people live here, who know the periodic table in the truest sense of the word "by heart". On the first day in Uskaman, I felt disgusting - cottony legs, pain in my eyes, shortness of breath, and an unpleasant aftertaste on my lips. The locals that I went with said that this is normal, and the first few days here are bad for many. The locals have chronic bronchitis in the order of things, and very many people here also have something else chronic. Olga, however, did not suffer, and besides, she drew my attention to the fact that fir trees and pines feel great in the city, and the leafy greens do not look sick. The city authorities are trying to kill the acid spirit with an abundance of flowers, there are beautiful parks in the city, but here the bear, for example, has perked up.

The main personalities of Ust-Kamenogorsk are Efim Slavsky and Alexander Protozanov. The first in 1957-86 headed the Ministry of Medium Machine Building, as the nuclear industry was called in the USSR, and the second headed the East Kazakhstan region in 1969-83. Slavsky was the patron of the city - nevertheless, the Criminal Code was the only regional center in his "empire", and Protozanov showed himself to be an excellent leader, and the combination of these personalities made Uskaman one of the most developed and comfortable cities in the USSR. The Minsredmash past is sometimes reminded of the sometimes coming across CHAZiki - buses from Tajikistan, the production of which was established in the 1960s by the transport workshop of the uranium plant in.

But in general, "by eye" Ust-Kamenogorsk is an ordinary Siberian city, much more similar to Omsk or Novokuznetsk than even to neighboring Semipalatinsk.

I don’t even remember high-rise buildings with national patterns characteristic of Kazakhstan here, and the attributes of Kazakh identity are somehow reduced here - I immediately recall only Baiterek near the bridge, a monument to Abai on the main square and a couple of graffiti on high-rise buildings. Maybe there is something else, but in general the signs of the landscape here are less "Kazakh" than in any other regional center of the country.

Many old houses are equipped with signs like this, for a person without a smartphone even less informative than "Architectural monument. Protected by the state":

A memorable property of the Kazakh Altai is the almost absolute bilingualism of signs. It is generally consistent in the rest of Kazakhstan, but I also came across Kazakh inscriptions without dubbing into Russian (especially in the strip from Chimkent to Atyrau), and Russians without dubbing into Kazakh (especially in the North and in Alma-Ata), and here everything is duplicated , except perhaps handwritten announcements on the fences.

The contingent in the UK is extremely typical for a post-Soviet industrial city. Here, both a stratum of technical intelligentsia, often leaning into business, and proletarian youth with the mores of a working-class outskirts are noticeable. As in the Ural or Siberian cities, weekend tourism is very developed here, especially since factories literally smoke people out into nature at the first opportunity. Local history and cultural and network life here are also definitely more developed than the average for Kazakhstan - even when LiveJournal was blocked in the country, and comments came to me timidly only from two capitals and Karaganda, here I was already invited to visit the city. Ust-Kamenogorsk is one of those cities where there is someone to sit up late with interesting conversations, but it is not advisable to return through the dark streets.

And how few cities in the country, Ust-Kamenogorsk looks at Russia. The most popular bank here is Sberbank, in grocery stores there are more goods from Russia than from the rest of Kazakhstan (the largest category is still local products, I must say that they are quite good), many do not buy Roshen sweets out of principle, but in Barnaul or Novosibirsk it is preferable to leave than to Astana or Alma-Ata. In the current Criminal Code, Russians make up 67% of the population, Kazakhs - 27%, but "by eye" rather 50/50 - perhaps at the expense of students and visitors, for which, in general, the Semipalatinsk steppes were subordinated to Ust-Kamenogorsk. But there is one feature here that is difficult to convey with a photograph: often, looking at a person with a cursory glance, you don’t immediately understand whether he is Russian or Kazakh. I don’t know how to explain this, because the two peoples even belong to different races, but Olga also noticed this effect of perception, as well as its absence in other cities of Kazakhstan. Because the native Kazakhs of Altai - other.

And if the house in the frame above, behind a strange dude in shorts, is marked with a flag on each balcony, then in the courtyard from the frame below there was an "imperial" painted on the wall. Rudny Altai, in a sense, is the Kazakh Crimea, where there is a critical mass of people who have not come to terms with the fact that their land was outside of Russia. Flags in unexpected places, inscriptions about unity where it is possible and impossible - this is so familiar from the Autonomous Republic of Crimea or southeastern cities.

They say that in the 1990s, this all manifested itself openly, and at night the locals spoiled signboards in the Kazakh language and tore down national flags from institutions. Visiting Kazakhs were contemptuously teased by "Cossacks" and went to fight with them wall to wall. Others packed their bags en masse and drove away, taking away legends of a terrible massacre (in fact, the only massacre in Uskaman was the pogroms of exiled Chechens in the 1950s) - and in the Russian Altai, people from the Kazakh Altai came across to me more than once or twice . But over time, separatism subsided - on the one hand, according to the principle "do not wake up famously while it is quiet" (although the locals believe that it is better in Russia, but not to such an extent), on the other hand, you can really sit down for such things here , in 2014, for example, they gave 6 years to a guy from Ridder who posted a poll on VKontakte "How would you vote in a referendum on joining Russia." It subsided, but did not disappear, and, without prying ears, the locals told me more than once that if such a referendum really happened here, "I don't know who would be against joining Russia." Not in the UK itself, but in the Altai outback, I have heard from local Russians that even the local Kazakhs are not at all against such a development of events. Of course, I don’t have statistics, no one conducted opinion polls (and if they did, they won’t tell the truth for sure), but the general impression remained something like this: “it would be better if we were annexed to Russia, but what to think about this if this will not be, because it can never be." I would still say that it can, if suddenly people with good faces seize power in Astana and declare Kazakhstan a national state, which should be "with the whole world, and not with one country" (c). And the current authorities understand this: the key difference between Kazakhstan and Ukraine is that indigenization is carried out here quietly, but concretely. Oralmans (Kazakh repatriates, mostly to small towns like ) and especially southerners are actively resettled in northern Kazakhstan without offensive slogans and without presenting for the tragedies of the past on favorable terms. We traveled to Alma-Ata from here with an elderly couple of Kazakhs who barely spoke Russian, and in the southern capital they made a transfer to. I also traveled from Astana to Pavlodar on the Ust-Kamenogorsk train with a middle-aged Kazakh couple, and when he saw that my T-shirt was pulled up, the man said threateningly: “Don’t lie like that, cover yourself, there’s a woman! can you act like that?" - and as I later found out, they were also from Chimkent. In general, the knot is slowly being tightened here, and if Kazakhstan leaves the current path of a multinational country that is complimentary to its neighbors, Rudny Altai may become the site of a new tragedy. Well, the degree of possible Russian intervention depends, I think, mainly on whether Russian industry can do without Ulba.

In the meantime, let's go for the Irtysh. Its "reference point" in Russia is habitually perceived, and it is not quite obvious that the Siberian millionaire is a little closer to the mouth than to the source. On the Ertis River - Pavlodar, Semipalatinsk, several small towns and Ust-Kamenogorsk, and Burchun and Kektokay and even on Ertsisykhe - the sources of the Irtysh and a considerable part of the flow, the so-called Black Irtysh to Lake Zaisan, are located in China. In Uskaman, the Irtysh is fast, winding and narrow, and on its opposite sides near the center are Pionersky (on the left behind the bend) and Komsomolsky (on the right) islands. The view is upstream, and after a couple of turns there will be the Ust-Kamenogorsk hydroelectric power station, which I didn’t get to this time.

The port is well visible from the railway bridge, and the panorama of the Irtysh from the car window is amazing - the same modest row of port cranes, gray high-rise buildings and a distant smoking chimney. In the frame - a specifically local vessel, a wheeled (!) tug BTK, produced in 1954-90 in Semipalatinsk specifically for the shallow Irtysh upper reaches.

There are several districts beyond the Irtysh in Ust-Kamenogorsk, including KSHT, cut off from the city by an undeveloped area. The high chimney, clearly visible from a distance, for example, on the descent from the Chechek pass, belongs to the plant of artificial silk fabrics (1967-70), the "lightest" of the industrial giants of the UK. However, artificial silk is not lead, not titanium, and even more so not beryllium, so the plant has not been working for a long time, and KSHT has turned into an ordinary sleeping area.

But it has a clear advantage over the rest of the UK - it's easier to breathe here. Maybe that's why, or maybe closer to the "solid" Kazakh land (after all, the right bank of the Irtysh, the Kazakhs settled down together with the Russians), since 2012, a New center has been built on the wastelands between the bridge and KSHT, where a sort of local Astana should appear. Things have not yet reached government buildings and skyscrapers, but there are already several sports complexes, a presidential school and the East Kazakhstan Drama Theater (2012-15) for Russian (existed since 1936), Kazakh (since 2000) and youth troupes. The musical fountain in front of him turned on just as we passed by, and the first thing the anthem of Kazakhstan began to play.

Closer to the bridge, at the crossroads - such a formidable "bzzzzzz!" with a well-crafted sting. Of course, this composition alludes to Altai honey, the signs for the sale of which are hung in the Kazakh Altai in the same way as Russian. The theme of Altai is being promoted in the UK in some places, but if so, it is 10 times less active than, for example, in Barnaul.

Near the apple tree, frequent, like sea buckthorn. Nothing is obviously being torn from her, because it seems that from an apple grown in Ust-Kamenogorsk smoke, one can repeat the fate of even Snow White, even Adam.

Almost opposite the Bee is a huge and overweight Levoberezhnaya Mosque (2012), one of the largest in Kazakhstan. Actually, in addition to southern Chimkent, lone giant mosques are being built in Kazakhstan most actively in the northern cities - Pavlodar, and in Ust-Kamenogorsk there are two such mosques - the second, a little less, stands near the center on the right bank. This is not so much a temple as a sign: the Russians first of all put up a cross or a chapel, the German colonists erected a church, and in Northern Kazakhstan and mosques as such anchors of identity. Officially, the central mosque is considered to be a city mosque, and the Left Bank mosque is considered a regional one, but 6 minarets added a dozen pipes to the outline of the city.

And under the mosque is the Left-Bank Park, arranged in 2002 in riverside floodplains. As already mentioned, Uskaman impresses with the well-groomed and beauty of its parks, in a separate post I will show the Zhastar and Dzhambul parks located in the center. Well, the Left Bank Park is notable for the fact that literally EVERYTHING was brought here from the UK, and along its endless alleys, resting from acid smoke, you can arrange a walk for every taste. In diameter, it is a little more than a kilometer, but it feels like it stretches for 5 kilometers. Directly under the mosque is a small aviation museum:

The part of the park near the entrance pleases with an abundance of installations:

A small pavilion with a national exposition, where Kazakhs from Russian schools can remember their roots:

Behind the pavilion, as somewhere in Lithuania, there is a small park of the Soviet period. However, one important difference is striking - among the monuments exiled here are not only Kirov or Lenin, but Tolstoy, Mayakovsky and Gorky. No attempt was made on monuments to Russian writers even in Ukraine, and even Novomoskovsk has not been renamed there so far. Although the Ust-Kamenogorsk sculptures could have been moved out of good intentions: Tolstoy, say, stood in the village of Bobrovka, and Mayakovsky in the gloomy suburb of Novaya Sogra, and here they will simply be more intact.

There is also a whole gang of Ilyichs of various sizes. The left three stood on the outskirts and at the factories, the middle one (1961) was brought from Ridder, and the largest since 1958 stood on the main square of Ust-Kamenogorsk, where Abay is now.

At the end of the alley - raised palms, and in combination with weapons, they clearly read "Stop!".

In 2011, a symposium "Sculpture in the urban environment" was held in Ust-Kamenogorsk, but instead of the urban environment, his works found a place only in the park. Modern art here, as usual, is unintelligible, although it was made by authors from all over the world - "Falcon", for example, from Mexico:

On the site near the pond there is not a museum of astronautics (and Kazakhstan is a space power a priori - simply by the fact of the presence of the main cosmodrome of the planet), but only souvenir shops.

From them, along a long street, you can walk the Ethnopark - a local skansen, and at the same time very interesting. In the Zhastar park in the city center, local wooden architecture is collected, and in the Left-South-Bank Park there are houses of different peoples, at least a little noticeable in the East Kazakhstan region: not only Russians and Kazakhs, but also Tatars, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Koreans, Uighurs, Chechens , Dungans and Georgians - that is, in fact, this is an "all-Union" museum of folk architecture and life. In principle, something similar to me has come across somewhere before, but in the UK Ethnopark is notable for the fact that although there is a "spreading cranberry" in it, it is still in moderate quantities. Here, at the other end of the square, where Ethnopark Street leads, there is even a completely authentic Old Believer's house, transported from the village of Chernevaya. But I will leave the ethnopark for the last part of the story about the city:

An arch with either arms or emblems separates the Ethnopark from the Zoo:

And next to her is such a wonderful miracle:

In fact, it’s just the courtyard of a nearby restaurant, already closed for the winter on the 20th of September, like most park stalls:

Behind the Ethnopark and the "trade domes" of souvenir shops - just a park on the ponds and the Irtysh channels, and that white thing over there - of course, the local "arbor of lovers" for wedding photo shoots:

On the ponds - then cormorants:

That swans:

And in the far part, a funny composition called the Silk Road is one of the main attributes of the identity of Kazakhstan, while in Siberian cities the theme of the Siberian Highway would be played up rather. The parody Caravel opens Zhibek-Zholy - and for me this is a hint of how the story of the great road ended.

A strange labyrinth, so confusing that we didn't even find the entrance:

Opposite is the Emir's Palace, one of the symbolic stops for caravans. All the palaces on the Silk Road are exhibition pavilions with paid entrance, and few people seem to want to enter them - confused caretakers appeared to meet us and followed us with their eyes: we walked from them, and not to them, which means that the order of things is not violated.

Some kind of Slavic temple, or maybe Lukomorye 33 heroes, in a word, a hint at the timid sprouts of Rus' during the heyday of the Silk Road. In any case, they are without a plate:

The Khan's Palace is the place of Kazakhstan in this system:

Opposite the entrance there are several steppe scenes:

Behind a tricky fork and a few turns - China, and pay attention to the font at the Old Turtle:

The Chinese Palace was under renovation:

At a distance, the Indian Palace was discovered:

And next to it are sculptures of Hindu gods and a wooden carved Samsara Wheel:

I will leave the ethnopark for the last part of the story about the city(and twice this phrase is repeated in bold, albeit from inattention, but not mine), and at the end of the story about the Left Bank Park - just a quiet pond of Siberian golden autumn:

Let's finish the story about the Ust-Kamenogorsk flavor in the barbecue "Sochi" on the other side of the city, where on September 21 I celebrated my birthday. Because this place is very Uskaman: with a Russian name, with a tall chimney that smokes for several blocks like a shish kebab factory, and with a slight touch of malice that adds color. The noise in the huge and extremely crowded establishment only adds to the drive. The food here is not to say cheap, but plentiful and good, and the whole city knows about "Sochi" and there are not enough places here on weekends.

In the next part, we will walk in the center between the Irtysh and Ulba.

Mount Belukha is the highest point of the Altai Mountains, from which the Katunsky Range begins. It is located at the source of the Katun River. This mountain has a view of two peaks, which in shape resemble irregular pyramids, and in height, the Eastern one is 4509 meters and the Western one is 4435 meters. Mount Belukha is an interesting natural monument, majestic and pristine.

The area of ​​Belukha Mountain is changeable, which changes in height. The temperature also changes, from the foot to the top of Belukha Mountain. In winter - long snowfalls, and in summer - torrential rains. Known are the Belukha glaciers, of which there are about 169. The most impressive is the Sapozhnikov Glacier. Fast, along the flow, rivers, most of which flow into the Katun, and they are fed not by rain, but by glacial meltwater and snow.

The mysterious location of the mountain, from the three oceans of the world at the same distance, impresses tourists. It heals those tired of the city rhythm, and proves to inveterate optimists that life is beautiful.

Coordinates: 50.29460300,85.59405300

Lake Zaisan

Lake Zaisan is one of the largest and most unusual freshwater lakes in Kazakhstan. It stretches between mountain ranges thirty kilometers from Kiin-Kerish. Lake Zaisan is sometimes called the "Lake of the Bell Chime" due to the unusual sounds that can be heard on the shores of this amazing lake after dark.

Lake Zaisan boasts a large number of fish species living in its waters. Burbot, pike, perch, crucian carp are far from a rare catch of a tourist who came to fish on Lake Zaisan. On its banks is Akshuat, the so-called village of fishermen, whose hospitable inhabitants will gladly welcome you to their area and, if you wish, organize a kind of excursion in order to dedicate you to the original atmosphere of fishermen's families.

Also, the shores of Lake Zaisan are densely populated with a variety of wild animals: ground squirrels, foxes, steppe eagles. You don't have to be a keen ornithologist to notice and admire different types of larks and baby shrike.

Coordinates: 47.99853700,83.90290400

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Bukhtarma reservoir

The total area of ​​the Bukhtarma reservoir is 5500 square kilometers. The volume of water contained in the reservoir is 53 km³. The largest width is 35 kilometers, and the length is about 500 kilometers. The average depth point is almost 10 meters.

Due to the fact that the Bukhtarma reservoir produces the deepest water path, this creates improved conditions for navigation by ships along the Irtysh River. In the river valleys of the Narym and Bukhtarama and in the Monchekur depression, the bays are 10 kilometers wide and 30 to 50 kilometers long.

Since 1960, for the first time, they began to fill the reservoir, and since 1966, there has been a long-term flow regulation.

Coordinates: 49.19247400,49.19247400

The Markakol basin is bordered by the Azutau and Kurchum mountain ranges. On the northeastern side, it is connected by the Bobrovskaya depression, and on the southwestern side, it goes through the Kaldzhir river into the Zaisan valley. The lake is located at 1447 meters above sea level. It has the shape of an elongated oval and runs from northeast to southwest. It is 38 kilometers long and 19 kilometers wide.

The total area of ​​the lake is 445 km². The average depth of the lake is 14.3 meters, and the deepest point of the lake itself is 27 meters. The total length of the coast is 106 kilometers. There is 6.5 km³ of water in the lake bowl. Only one river, the Kaldzhir, flows out of the lake, and about 100 different streams flow into it. The main ones are Karabulak, Tikhushka, Zhirenka, Topolevka, Elovka.

Coordinates: 48.76252600,85.76751700

Ski resort "Altai Alps"

Resort "Altai Alps" is one of the most popular ski resorts in Kazakhstan. The resort is located twenty kilometers from Ust-Kamenogorsk, on the picturesque slope of the Altai Mountains.

"Altai Alps" is an excellent and modern ski resort, equipped with everything necessary for high-quality outdoor activities. There are many trails of various difficulty categories, two cable cars, sports equipment rentals and much more. Some of the slopes are illuminated, so you can ski even at night. Beginners can use the services of professional instructors and trainers.

In addition, the resort has a cozy cafe, a billiard room, massage rooms, a sauna, a swimming pool and other entertainment facilities where you can relax and unwind after a day of skiing.

Coordinates: 50.11479900,82.99836200

Markakol Reserve

Its foundation took place in August 1976. It occupies 71.3 thousand hectares of land. Later, the area of ​​the reserve was expanded by decree of the Kazakh government. It began to occupy an area of ​​102,979 hectares of land.

There are 55 species of mammals in the Markako "Lsky Reserve" such as ermine, golden eagle, brown bear, wolf, solongoy, sable, roe deer, polecat, snow leopard, maral, otter, elk, mink, wolverine, badger, weasel, weasel, boar and many others. Birds, about 250 species: wild pigeons, black storks, harriers, buzzards, gray partridges, grebes, Hobbies, honey beetles, owls, ospreys, waders, partridges, black kites, white-tailed eagles, ducks, black grouse, etc.

Coordinates: 48.75618900,85.75103800

Irtysh river

The Irtysh River extends in the eastern territories of the Republic of Kazakhstan. This river, known for its extraordinary length, colossal resources and unique nature, is a favorite vacation spot for tourists who prefer outdoor activities and fishing in Kazakhstan.

The Irtysh River in Kazakhstan has a length of about 1,700 kilometers. It originates in China, under the name "Black Irtysh" it crosses the territory of Kazakhstan, flowing into Lake Zaysan. And at the exit from the lake, the river gets its true name.

The Irtysh River is an ideal place for those who are not indifferent to fishing and other outdoor activities. Ide, sturgeon, sterlet, burbot and stellate sturgeon - this is not a complete list of the fauna that lives in the waters of the Irtysh. It is worth noting that the Irtysh River is also one of the cleanest rivers, and in the warm season the water warms up to +22C. The banks of this amazing river are a great place for walking along the sandy beach. The amazing local flora will impress any tourist.

Coordinates: 49.96093900,82.56497600

Reservoir Bukhtarma

The Bukhtarma reservoir is located in the East Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The reservoir was formed in 1960 in order to create a deep-sea route for ships, which significantly improves the conditions for navigation on the Irtysh River. The reservoir itself consists of two sections: the river, where the current is observed, in the river valley, and the lake called Zaisan, which formed a wide stretch. The area of ​​the Bukhtarma reservoir exceeds 5.5 thousand square kilometers.

There are also places for a great vacation: tourist bases and campsites, equipped beaches and convenient roads that you can drive on. Very beautiful nature of the Bukhtarma reservoir: picturesque landscapes, forests, clear water of the lake. Sandy beaches with a gentle slope into the water are perfect for families with children. You can stay right on the shore with tents or spend the night in boarding houses and camp sites on the reservoir. This place is very popular with fishermen: pike perch, pike, perch, carp, ide, trout and many other species of fish are found in the Bukhtarma reservoir.

Coordinates: 49.16666600,84.25000000

Fountain "Zodiac"

Fountain "Zodiac" - a huge beautiful fountain in the center of Ust-Kamenogorsk, which is known throughout Kazakhstan thanks to the amazing zodiac figures on it.

The Zodiac Fountain is located near the central mosque of Ust-Kamenogorsk, on Republic Square, in the north-east of Kazakhstan. It is a large modern fountain, which is decorated with tiles and unusual sculptures of animals - zodiac symbols. Original figurines attract the attention of children and adults.

Near the fountain there is a cozy square with many benches where you can relax and breathe fresh air. Locals often like to walk near the Zodiac Fountain and sit near it on warm summer evenings.

Coordinates: 49.94760400,82.63002200

Bukhtarma lake

Bukhtarma Lake is an original natural monument located on the southern slope of the Argut Range, separating the river regions of Argut and Bukhtarma.

The lake is located at an altitude of 2064 meters above sea level. Many rivers and springs flow into the lake, which descend from mountain ledges and form beautiful waterfalls. At the bottom, the Bukhtarma River merges with the Chindagatuy River. A little higher, the Chandege-Bulak River, which flows out of the lake, flows into the Chindagatuy River.

Tourists will be interested in fishing, as there is a large amount of grayling in the lake, which is successfully caught both in summer and in winter, you can also ride sailing boats, and find rare mushrooms and berries in the forest. Sables, otters and squirrels are found in the vicinity of the lake.

Coordinates: 49.28500000,86.94500000

Kiin-Kerish

Kiin-Kerish is a clay canyon, which is located 120 kilometers from the city of Kurchum and covers an area of ​​300 hectares. Kiin-Kerish consists of a variety of red clays, the origin of which was influenced by the hot tropical climate. But it is very difficult to see the "City of Spirits", as it is customary to call Kiin-Kerish, since it is located in a lowland.

Attention is drawn to the flora and fauna of this valley. The flora is represented by two rare plant species protected at the regional level: atrafaxis gray and Ferula Krylova. Also in the valley you can find iris, multi-leaved poplar, salt marsh, Zaisan mordovnik, tulip, elm.

The rarest representatives of the animal world, which are listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan, live in Kiin-Kerish: bustard, yellow lemming, black-bellied grouse, eagle owl, saker falcon, golden eagle, steppe eagle, jack, desert shrike, gyrfalcon. In the Kiin-Kerish mountains, the Central Asian buzzard and the steppe kestrel build their nests.

Coordinates: 48.13361100,84.49361100

Rakhman's Keys

Sanatorium "Rakhmanovskie Klyuchi" began its work in 1964. The health resort is located at a distance of 500 kilometers from the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk, on the territory of the Katon-Karagai park. They heal vacationers with the help of underground thermal radon waters.

In addition, medical, ski and beach tourism is actively developing here. Manipulations carried out on modern German equipment help everyone. who strive for a healthy lifestyle. The pleasant staff of the complex offers massage, phytobar, phytoparosauna, stone therapy, irrigation, underwater development of the spine and much more. Childless couples come for infertility treatment.

The picturesque beauty of the Alps, the fragrant aroma of meadows, the healing and intoxicating air of the taiga, tall cedars, the mighty Belukha Mountain and mirror lakes help vacationers recover.

Coordinates: 49.95402800,86.61288300

The most popular attractions in Ust-Kamenogorsk with descriptions and photos for every taste. Choose the best places to visit the famous places of Ust-Kamenogorsk on our website.

One of the first written evidence about the places where the Ust-Kamenogorsk fortress was later built was left by the boyar Fyodor Baikov. The path indicated by him quickly became known to trading people. And in 1714 In 1994, Peter I learned from the Siberian governor M. Gagarin that somewhere on the Irket River "sand gold" was found in abundance. And there was so much gold, according to the governor, that it was mined "during high water with the help of blankets, carpets and cloths." In search of the legendary Yarkend (Irketi), an expedition of Lieutenant Colonel Ivan Buchholz was sent from the city of Tobolsk. In July 1715 I. Buchholz with a detachment sailed from Tobolsk up the Irtysh. Soon the Yamyshevskaya fortress was founded. The fortress was surrounded by a numerous Dzungarian detachment. Diseases began among the soldiers. Buchholz was forced to demolish the fortification and retreat down the Irtysh. At the confluence of the Om River with the Irtysh 1716 year he laid the fortress of Omsk.

IN 1719 In the year Peter I sends a new detachment to find the gold of Yarkand. Major Ivan Mikhailovich Likharev was at the head of the new expedition.

In May 1720 The expedition of I. M. Likharev headed up the Irtysh to Lake Zaisan. We reached the lake safely, and the further way along the Black Irtysh was blocked by a large Dzungarian detachment. The attacks of the Jungars were easily repulsed, but a new obstacle stood in the way - the Irtysh became shallow. It was impossible to move further on bulky boards. Negotiations began with the Dzungars. The detachment of I. M. Likharev turned back. And where the Ulba flows into the Irtysh, a new fortress was laid - Ust-Kamenogorsk. Because it is here that the Irtysh, as it were, breaks out of the mouth of the stone mountains and further rolls its waters across the plain.

Ivan Likharev did not find the fabulous Yarkand. But on the map of the Russian Empire appeared the fortress of Ust-Kamenogorsk, the extreme southern tip of the Irtysh line.

The fortress was surrounded by rather high ramparts. In the fortress there were barracks for soldiers, a military hospital, apartments for military leaders, various storerooms and a branch of a hard labor prison, which, by the way, still stands here. The first houses outside the fortress were built near the fortification. Thus the foundation of the city was laid.

In the second half XVIII century settlers began to settle near the fortress. There were also many exiles.

Bolshaya, Troitskaya and Andreevskaya streets laid the foundation for the city. They started from the banks of the Irtysh and built up along the Ulba. These streets were crossed by lanes of Salt, Fortress, Mechetsky, Cathedral. Old maps of the city show the strict straightness of the streets and lanes. Thanks to this layout, the city was well blown by fresh winds from the mountains, and during floods, water easily dispersed through the streets and alleys.

The oldest Karl Liebknecht street in the city was formerly called Troitskaya. Once upon a time, the richest people of the city put their houses on this street. For example, the gold miners Valitovs, who had gold mines in Tainty, and, in addition, kept herds of horses beyond the Irtysh. Another gold miner A.S. Menovshchikov owned gold mines in Kurchum and Maykapchagai. Today, the Menovshchikov House houses the Museum of Art.

The Altai Geological Department is located in the Valitovs' house. The merchant Krivoshein had good houses on this street, he traded in wines and fruits, the merchant Shustov, as well as the merchants Karavaev, Shilyaev, Serov, the owners of fur coat shops Maltsev and Pakharukov.

The original name of Mira Street is Andreevskaya. This street began from the Irtysh, ran past the market square, the fire station and ended in a wasteland, where a hundred years ago, in 1899 year, political exiles founded the city garden - the park named after Dzhambul. The first to settle on this street were the gold miners Makhanov and Bryukhanov. They lived in grand style, and for a long time no one in the city dared to put their houses next to the palaces of these respectable persons. On the same street are the beautiful old buildings of the Drama Theater. Dzhambul (former People's House), ethnographic museum (former male elementary school, opened back in 1881 year).

Opposite the People's House once stood the house of the political exile Inkov, who opened the first pharmacy in the city. Nearby was the house of Litvinov, the owner of the Modern electrotheatre, which was located on the site where the building of the regional archive now rises.

The name of the Red Eagles Embankment, stretching along the river. Ulba, the echo of the revolution and the civil war is heard. In summer 1919 In the 1990s, an uprising took place in the Ust-Kamenogorsk prison, in which the Kolchakites held red political prisoners. The rebellion was led by G. Kudinov, M. Bespalov, F. Buryagin. Having disarmed the guards, the prisoners seized the armory, took rifles and cartridges. And then the rebels did not know what to do. Some suggested taking a steamboat down the Irtysh, others insisted on capturing the city and further raising an uprising in the county. Meanwhile, the White Cossacks gathered forces and surrounded the fortress. A fight ensued. They fired for several hours. Some of the rebels ordered the release of the arrested guards of the fortress, they hoped that the soldiers would support the "red eagles", but the soldiers hit them in the back. Fleeing, the rebels rushed to swim across the Irtysh and Ulba. Only N. Timofeev and S. Goncharenko left alive. With a severed collarbone and a deep wound on his back, M. Bespalov crawled to Ulba. Here he was found by his mother and sister Nadezhda. They carried Michael home. But they were met by white Cossacks. One of them shot at Bespalov. He died in his mother's arms...

In memory of this uprising, Shore Street in 1960 was renamed the Red Eagles Embankment. Near the bridge lies a large stone. Once upon a time, a monument was planned to be erected here.

Ushanova Street is named after the first chairman of the Ust-Kamenogorsk Soviet of Deputies Yakov Ushanov. The beginning of construction dates back to the second half of the last century. Once upon a time, the city nobility lived here: bailiff, district chief, stanitsa chieftain, officers of the local garrison, merchants. In the 50s, on the site of the former bazaar, a square was laid out to them. Lenin, November 6 1958 a monument to V.I. Lenin. In the same year, a tram line ran along the street. A year later, the House of Communications was built. Gradually, instead of small wooden and adobe houses, multi-storey buildings grew up on Ushanov Street. At first 80s The largest supermarket in the city was built.

Kirova street before 1935 was called Big. At that time it was the straightest, largest and busiest street in the city. It was on this street that the first stone and wooden sidewalks were laid, folk festivals and New Year's masquerades were held here. It was built up with the best houses that belonged to the gold miners Menovshchikov and Kasatkin, the merchants Semyonov and Kurochkin, the owner of the tannery Ufimtsev. At the beginning of the street was the house of the political exile E.P. Michaelis. Nearby stood a noble assembly, followed by the Mariinsky Women's School (now the exhibition hall of the ethnographic museum), the Pokrovsky Cathedral and shops. IN 1908-1911 years the cinema "Echo" ("October") was built.

About Evgeny Petrovich Michaelis it is worth telling separately. He was a man of great will, deep intelligence and broad erudition. They say that it was he who was the prototype of Bazarov in Turgenev's novel Fathers and Sons. Michaelis was predicted a great future, but the tsarist government sent him away from the capital cities. However, even in the outback, which was Ust-Kamenogorsk at the end of the last century, he managed to reveal his talent as a researcher, inventor, public figure.

Michaelis was a good connoisseur of Kazakh oral poetry. “The Kyrgyz steppe is entirely indebted to him for the fact that the great poetic talent discovered by Michaelis in the person of the Kyrgyz of the Chingiz volost of the Semipalatinsk district, Ibragim (Abay) Kunanbaev, did not die without a trace,” famous local historian Boris Gerasimov noted in his article. According to M. Auezov, Michaelis met Abay in the library. Abay asked the librarian for a number of the magazine "Russian Messenger", in which one of the works of Leo Tolstoy was printed. Michaelis found out about it. He approached Abai and introduced himself. We got talking. They left the library together. Michaelis was interested in the Kazakh, reading the works of Leo Tolstoy and excitedly talking about justice, the fate of his people, about honest service to him. He was struck by the humanistic views of the son of the steppes. And Abay's attention was attracted by an intelligent and educated Russian man, with whom he felt at ease and free.

Having got to know Abay better, Michaelis saw in him a poetic talent. In order not to let his talent die out, he became skillful. to direct his friend's studies, to introduce him to advanced Russian and European literature.

While Michaelis was living in Semipalatinsk, Abai saw him almost every day in the winter. And until the last days of his life, the great poet spoke with gratitude about his friend.

IN 1882 EP Michaelis moved to Ust-Kamenogorsk. At that time it was a small county town, in which about five thousand people lived. Five streets and six lanes. They were built up almost entirely with wooden houses. The newspaper "Siberia" wrote then: "There are 18 taverns in the city, up to 9,000 buckets of vodka are drunk a year, except for liqueurs and wines." And in this city, Michaelis had to live another 31 years.

On the map of modern Ust-Kamenogorsk, Michaelis Street and Abay Avenue intersect. Which, of course, is not accidental.

IN 1934 year, when a rich harvest was born in Kazakhstan, Sergey Kirov arrived in the republic to help organize the harvesting of bread. He devoted three days to East Kazakhstan, visited many villages. After his death, Bolshaya Street was renamed Kirov Street. An ancient two-story building of the former regional executive committee is considered a historical monument, from the balcony of which 1934 S. M. Kirov spoke. During his speech, Kirov recommended that the city authorities move the bazaar from the city center somewhere to the outskirts, and set up a park on the site of the Market Square. The recommendation was heeded.

In the old days, Uritsky Street was Cathedral Lane, and for many years it played the role of a transport artery. Once upon a time here, on the corner with Bolshoy Street, stood the majestic Pokrovsky Cathedral - an architectural monument of the 19th century. Its green domes could be seen from afar.

The Church of the Intercession of the Holy Mother of God was built in 1882-1885 years. The temple was typical of Russian provincial architecture. The stable base and the laconicism of the massive cubic volume were combined with a strict geometric ornament and created a feeling of unprecedented solemnity. The interior decoration of the cathedral was magnificent. The heaviest bell, there were nine in all, weighed more than 162 pounds. The Intercession Cathedral was destroyed for the sake of atheistic fashion in 1936.

In front of the cathedral 1902 a one-story building was built for the Mariinsky Women's School. Students of pedagogical courses were trained at the expense of public care for public education. Now this old mansion houses one of the exhibition halls of the ethnographic museum.

Near the cathedral stood a one-story building of the city government. IN 1918 year it housed the Ust-Kamenogorsk Sovdep. After reconstruction, this building housed the local history museum. During the years of Soviet power, Cathedral Lane was renamed Uritsky Street.

Shop "Saule", before it was the trading house of the merchant Semyonov, in the Soviet years - a department store.

IN 1936 Pozharny Lane was renamed Maxim Gorky Street. One of the first, it was first paved with stone, and then covered with asphalt. IN 1973 built the Central Department Store. Until now, this street keeps the aroma of antiquity.

150 years ago, Ordzhonikidze Street, at that time Sennoy Lane, was considered the outskirts of the city. This is where the wilderness started. IN 1889 In the same year, a city garden began to be laid out on this wasteland. The initiative, as always, came from the political exiles A.K. Galimont, E.P. Michaelis, A.N. Fedorov, O. F. Kostyurina. Work continued until 1903. Saplings (poplar, hawthorn, apple trees) were taken from the military doctor Vistenius, who had a beautiful garden outside the city, and which he later sold to Pankratiev. The city garden, meanwhile, grew very slowly, as there was no good care for it. Cattle often wandered into the garden, firemen mowed hay here for their horses. One of the visiting artists once joked about this, saying that in Ust-Kamenogorsk there is a garden of three ... haystacks. A hay bazaar adjoined the city garden, hence the name of the street - Sennaya. All year round, wagons with firewood, coal and hay, kerosene and lime, poultry and cattle stretched along it. IN 1937 Sennoy Lane was renamed Ordzhonikidze Street. IN 1957 tram tracks were laid along it. The city park was given the name of Dzhambul. Where there was a hay market, the Yubileiny cinema towered there.

The street named after the first chairman of the Ust-Kamenogorsk Council of Deputies Yakov Ushanov, the school named after Yakov Ushanov, the streets of Nikolai Karmanov, Alexander Mashukov, Mikhail Bespalov, the Red Eagles embankment ... All this is the memory of the people of the time of the establishment of Soviet power.

The Sovdep existed for ninety-seven days. These were fighting, hot days. The Red Guard was created, new Soviet schools were opened, the Youth Union was organized. On the night of June 10, 1918 year, the united officer-Cossack detachment opposed the Soviet regime. The Soviet took measures for defense. The detachment of the Red Guard was transferred from the city to the fortress. Here, behind the high earthen rampart of the old fortress, the battle began. But the forces were unequal. The organizers and leaders of the Soviet of Deputies were seized and thrown into a fortress prison. Under the guise of an insurance agent, Pavel Petrovich Bakheev traveled around Ust-Kamenogorsk district. It never occurred to the authorities that this delicate bearded man had been sent here by the Bolshevik Party to conduct underground work and liaise with partisan detachments. In a decade and a half, this same person will become a famous storyteller, the author of The Malachite Box. His real name is Bazhov.

autumn 1919 years, local partisan detachments united. The First Altai Regiment of the Red Mountain Eagles was formed. Communist Nikita Ivanovich Timofeev was elected commander.

Back to top 1920 year, Soviet power was firmly established on the territory of Rudny Altai. October 9 1938 The Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and the Council of People's Commissars adopted a resolution "On the development of non-ferrous metallurgy in Altai."

WITH 1939 year Ust-Kamenogorsk becomes the regional center of the East Kazakhstan region. In the same year, the construction of the Ust-Kamenogorsk hydroelectric power station began.

The war disrupted many plans.

“Motherland raised us, and our lives belong to her,” said the participants of the youth rally in Ust-Kamenogorsk. Hundreds of applications from volunteers were received by the military registration and enlistment office. Here are the names of the Heroes of the Soviet Union: B.T. Popov, A.G. Popov, L.M. Roschin, F.D. Turov, N.Ya. Fonov, V.M. Litvinov, F.S. Kokorin, P.N. Miller, A.I. Chernov. Home front workers were also heroes.

By decision of the State Defense Committee, on the basis of the dismantled equipment of the Electrozinc plant from Ordzhonikidze in the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk in 1942 The construction of a zinc electrolyte plant began. The workers were housed in hastily built barracks. Hastily dug pits for dugouts, each accommodated 4 families.

Year 1951 . Ust-Kamenogorsk zinc plant was transformed into a lead-zinc plant.

Year I960. On the eve of the celebration of the 90th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, the plant was named after the proletarian leader.

Year 1963 . For the successes achieved in the development of non-ferrous metallurgy, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on July 20, the plant was awarded the Order of Lenin. Five people were awarded the high title of Hero of Socialist Labor, 97 were awarded orders and 213 medals.

These are the milestones of the beginning of the path of the flagship of non-ferrous metallurgy.

March 27, 1965 Ust-Kamenogorsk titanium and magnesium plant was put into operation, the construction of which began in 1958.

In the spring of 1963, TMK's experimental shop produced the first titanium in Kazakhstan.

IN 1958 The first steel melting was carried out at the operating enterprises "Vostokmashzavod" that came into operation. Already in the first ten years of operation, the production of drilling rigs for mine and quarry drilling, thickeners and classifiers, cranes, steel castings and forgings for mining and metallurgical enterprises, and spare parts for agricultural machines was mastered here.

IN 1967 2009, at the international exhibition Intergormash-67 in Moscow, the BASH-320 crawler-mounted drilling rig, designed for drilling blast holes with a diameter of 320 mm in the extraction of ores in open pits, is demonstrated and highly appreciated by specialists. This giant was made by the specialists of Vostokmashzavod.

IN 1953 The construction of a capacitor plant began in 1959, and in April 1959 it gave its first production.

The transformation of the city into a major center of non-ferrous metallurgy would be unthinkable without the development of passenger road transport.

At the end 1959 builders presented the townspeople with the House of Communications. The first city telephone line was laid in Ust-Kamenogorsk in 1924 year from the radio station of the People's Commissariat of Communications to the City Council. With the help of this line, on the day of the death of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, radio signals received from Moscow were transmitted to a rally at the People's House.

Once upon a time in the lexicon of the Ust-Kamenogorsk people there were such names: Popovsky log, Mare's head, Biryukovka ... Herds of cows grazed here, children went here for sorrel. After the war, they began to call these places differently: "Construction site", "Quarter "B" ... Now here is Lenin Avenue, Gogol Street, Metallurgists, Stakhanovskaya, Gagarin Boulevard. The Palace of Culture of Metallurgists stands out. A television tower is visible from afar.

The first construction organization of the Rudny Altai is the trust "Ulbastroy". He was educated not in Ust-Kamenogorsk, but in Leninogorsk, then Ridder, in 1927 year in connection with the construction of the Ulba hydroelectric power station. IN 1936 year on the basis of "Ulbastroy" the trust "Bolshoi Ridder" was created, renamed first into "Ridderstroy", and then into "Altaystroy". IN 1934 year, the address of the construction trust changed (it was transferred to the regional center), from 1950 a year after the trust the name "Altaisvinetsstroy" was established.

Many glorious deeds marked the path of the builders. Construction of a lead-zinc, titanium-magnesium plant, an automation equipment plant and "Vostokmashzavod", Ust-Kamenogorsk thermal power plant and a capacitor plant, a large-panel housing construction plant, a meat processing plant, plants for prefabricated reinforced concrete, electrical products, mineral wool, Sogrinskaya thermal power plant ...

The development of industry in the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk would be impossible without a powerful energy base.

in winter 1939 a year to the place where the Irtysh, compressed by high mountains, was especially narrow, deep and swift, a young engineer Mikhail Vasilievich Inyushin arrived on horseback. There was nothing at the site of the future construction of the Ust-Kamenogorsk hydroelectric power station. Frozen river, geologists' tents under the mountain. That's all. But it was here that a power plant, rare in the practice of Soviet hydro-construction, was to be built.

A lot had to be done so that the Ust-Kamenogorsk power plant would give energy to factories and mines, collective farms and state farms. Work began at the same 1939 year. But the Great Patriotic War slowed them down. The construction of a hydroelectric power plant in 1949 year.

1949 year. In October, the Ulba Metallurgical Plant produced the first batch of its products.

1956 year - June 19, the Ust-Kamenogorsk furniture factory issued the first experimental product - a batch of soft sofas and sliding tables.

1958 year - On March 15, the Ust-Kamenogorsk television center made a test broadcast, a few days later regular television broadcasts began.

In summer 1959 the regional children's library was opened, and in 1964 the year she was named after A.P. Gaidar.

1965 year - on October 12, an AN-24 air liner landed for the first time at the Ust-Kamenogorsk airport, direct flights between Ust-Kamenogorsk and Alma-Ata began.

In October 1970 the largest hotel in the region "Ust-Kamenogorsk" was put into operation.

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Ust-Kamenogorsk is located in the east, in a picturesque place where the Irtysh river connects with Ulba. This city is an important industrial, economic, sports and cultural center of the East Kazakhstan region, where many prominent poets and writers lived in different years. Today, it is well known for its excellent sports schools, which gave the country many honored masters of sports back in Soviet times, as well as for the abundance of monuments and architectural structures that form the cultural heritage of the entire region.

Peculiarities

Modern Ust-Kamenogorsk plays an important role in the development of non-ferrous metallurgy in Kazakhstan, having a number of plants and factories. A special place here is occupied by numerous sports schools. The famous local hockey club "Torpedo" in the Soviet years was considered the main forge of hockey personnel, regularly supplying new talents to the expanses of the ice rinks of the country of the Soviets. Now, when Soviet hockey has changed to Kazakh, and the club has changed its name to Kazzinc-Torpedo, which now plays in the VHL championship, the former greatness of winning traditions is remembered by the townspeople with a sense of deep nostalgia and unchanging hope for a brighter future. In addition to sports, much attention is paid in Ust-Kamenogorsk to the development of culture and education, which is noticeable by the presence of educational and cultural institutions in the city, as well as by the abundance of monuments and museums. The ethnic composition of the capital of the East Kazakhstan region is formed mainly from Russians and Kazakhs. Other nationalities are represented in much smaller numbers.

general information

The area of ​​Ust-Kamenogorsk is 210 square meters. km, with a population of about 320 thousand people. Local time is ahead of Moscow by 3 hours. Daylight Savings Time is currently not available. Time zone UTC+6. Telephone code (+7) 7232. Official website www.oskemen.kz/kz.

A brief excursion into history

The city was founded in August 1720, when on the banks of the Irtysh and Ulba, the construction of the Ust-Kamennaya fortress began, so named because of the terrain. After its construction, barracks for soldiers, a military hospital, apartments for military leaders, various warehouses and prisons were located on the territory. Gradually, residential buildings began to be built around the fortress, where peasant families settled. In the second half of the 18th century, Siberian Cossacks and other settlers joined them. Ust-Kamenogorsk received city status in 1868. By the beginning of the 20th century, trade began to actively develop here, a narrow-gauge railway was laid and ore deposits were discovered. The end of the second decade was marked by the establishment of Soviet power and the subsequent construction of the Ust-Kamenogorsk hydroelectric power station. During the Great Patriotic War, the city turned into a major evacuation center for various factories, enterprises and institutions. The post-war period was characterized by the rapid growth of industry and the rise of economic resources. With the collapse of the USSR, like many other cities of the great Soviet power, Ust-Kamenogorsk was waiting for a period of decline, which was replaced by a new rise closer to the beginning of the current millennium.

Climate

A sharply continental climate prevails in this area. Winter in these places is extremely cold and the thermometer regularly drops below -15 degrees. In summer, the air temperature rises to +18 - +20 and above. Precipitation occurs throughout the year, but the total amount is not significant. It is best to come here in summer or early autumn, when it is sunny and warm.

How to get there

In addition to the international airport that receives flights from different countries, the regional capital has a railway and bus stations that provide suburban communication between cities and regions using railway trains and buses.

Transport

Trams are the most popular means of transportation within the city limits, although there are also buses, taxis and minibuses.

Attractions and entertainment

Among the main religious buildings of the city, which have been given a special role in Ust-Kamenogorsk for a long time, the Muhamadi Mosque with a blue domed building and two minarets 45 meters high, as well as the St. Zinoviev Church, consecrated in honor of Zinovy ​​Sogrinsky in the autumn of 2005, stand out. The Cathedral in the name of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called, which rises not far from the Holy Trinity Monastery, also attracts attention. Among the most interesting buildings are the Palace of Culture of Metallurgists, the Drama Theater named after Zhambyl, the House of Culture of Builders, the Novo-Pokrovsky Church on Akmola Street, the house of Mikhail Shilyaev from the beginning of the 20th century and the two-story shop of the merchant Semyonov built in 1910.

Of the monuments and sculptural compositions, it is worth noting the magnificent sculpture of Vuchetich "Let's beat swords into plowshares", the memorial complex "Victory", dedicated to those who died during the Second World War, the monument to Abai, the original fountain "Zodiac", where local residents like to make appointments with each other , the illumination construction "Baiterek" near the Irtysh bridge, the monument to Kirov and the sculptural composition "To the Stars", flaunting in front of the family recreation center - "Mesto". Museum lovers should definitely visit the Regional Museum of History and Local Lore, the East Kazakhstan Regional Natural Landscape Museum-Reserve and the East Kazakhstan Museum of Art. The charming Zhastar Park is ideal for walking, with its numerous trees and flower beds.

Kitchen

In the culinary establishments of Ust-Kamenogorsk, visitors are offered a wide variety of dishes, from classic Kazakh delicacies to all kinds of hamburgers and fast foods.

shopping

For shoppers, the shops and shopping malls of the city offer goods from almost all directions, so it is not customary to leave the regional capital without gifts and souvenirs.

Ust-Kamenogorsk has a charm peculiar to the banks of the Irtysh and, as a rule, gives a lot of pleasant impressions to its guests. Staying in this picturesque city allows you to get to know the Kazakh provinces better, feel the hospitable atmosphere of these places and enjoy the extraordinary beauties of the East Kazakhstan region.