“Russian railways are past, present and future. Thesis: The rights and obligations of a conductor in long-distance carriages for the carriage of passengers Poems about professions
Each of us has been a passenger many times in our lives. We use different types of transport: road, rail, water, air.
This summer I was in Tunisia with my dad. We flew there by plane. The whole journey took about three hours. For some reason, many people are afraid of airplanes, but I really liked flying. There was no TV in the cabin, but it was successfully replaced by a porthole. Cities, seas, mountains floated under us. They looked small, like toys. Our pilot was a real ace, so the flight went perfectly, and we landed softly.
Several times a year I have to be a passenger on the train. My parents and I drive it to the country. In the car, there is usually enough space for everyone, but sometimes I give up my seat to the old ladies. It's so hard for them to stand.
Very often I ride buses and fixed-route taxis. And I always want to be a good, cultured passenger. I try to inform the driver about stops in advance, not to talk loudly on the phone in transport.
So, being a passenger is great and at the same time it is a huge responsibility.
"My life is iron road".
Presenter: (a recording sounds ... the sound of wagon wheels and the horn of a diesel locomotive).
Listening to these sounds, you realized that today we will talk about the iron
road. Our competitive-playing, poetic program is dedicated to the iron
road. Do you like to travel by train?
Then why did it happen? Get comfortable and hit the road! And help us
ride the railroad... Poetry.
1 child: Big cities behind -
At railway stations, on the eve of the fields,
Like arrows in a glass quiver
Waiting for the shipments. Hurry!
Here it is - the departure side.
Goodbye, home comfort!
This is the side of surprise
Behind which the open rise!
2 children: That is decoration in the spring meadow,
That in the river pinking reach
Grinding space
Millstones of cheerful wheels.
There will be cold, and heat, and fatigue,
Just don't look back.
Behind - only the past remains,
The real is out there.
Leading: Actually, we are already so accustomed to this amazing phenomenon,
which is the railway, that sometimes we don’t even think about
How would we live without her. But after all, they lived in Russia and all over the world without
railways! Who can tell me when and where the first
Railway?
Child: Our Russian railway is still very young. First passenger
steel highway connected St. Petersburg with Tsarskoye Selo, this happened in
October 1837. Its length was only 25 km. But in general,
"cast iron" - as the common people called the railway - there was a little
earlier: in September 1834. Serf masters of breeders Demidovs, father
and the son of Cherepanova Efim Alexandrovich and Miron Efimovich, connected
narrow-gauge quarry, where iron ore was mined, and the Nizhny Tagil plant,
where this ore was smelted into iron. It is this tiny iron
the road is only 3.5 km long and became the progenitor of the current railway
Child: Rushing, rushing iron horse!
Iron rattles against iron.
Steam swirls, smoke rushes;
Rushing, rushing iron horse,
Picked up, planted, and rushes ...
Child: Everything is fine under the moonlight,
Everywhere I recognize my dear Rus' ...
I quickly fly along cast-iron rails,
I think my idea!
Host: Let's play a game:
"Unscramble the word"
Children are divided into 2 teams. Offer children tickets (of different colors), numbers on the number of subgroups are written on the front side of the tickets. You need to read the words in the order in which they are written, highlight the first syllables in them and make a new word out of them.
Task for the first team:
vase, grief, dive (cars)
bed, leather, skein, quiet, call (locomotives)
home, mole, viper (road)
Task for the second team:
field, ride, gifts (trains)
spatula, skis (sleepers)
body, swimmer, water, quicksilver (locomotives)
needed in railways , even kings-emperors were interested
in that. Committee of the Great Siberian Railway under the chairmanship
Emperor Alexander III decided to build a highway from two
sides: in the west - from Chelyabinsk, in the east - from Vladivostok. And the heir
throne Nicholas III in 1891 personally laid the first stone
into the station building in Vladivostok and overturned a wheelbarrow with earth, thereby
initiating the construction of the Ussuri railroad. This road
And in October 1916, the railway bridge across the Amur was commissioned at
Khabarovsk, Russia proudly announced to the world that it was she who tied the iron
expensive two oceans - the Atlantic and the Pacific.
The twentieth century has come - the century of technology and high speeds. continued
build new railroads. All these construction sites (Turksib -
the route connecting the center of Russia with the Far North - with Vorkuta, Murmansk,
Baikal - Amur Mainline) forever entered the history of our Motherland and
worthy of great respect, because their laying is a feat.
"Hymn of the Railwaymen"
To the motive of the song "Trucker", from the repertoire of G. Zarechny.
Game - warm-up: "What is possible and what is not."
Host: If what I am going to talk about can be done, the children should jump if
can't sit down.
1. Cross the railway in a prohibited place?
2. Play with matches and lighters?
3. Cross the street at a green traffic light?
4. Lean out of the windows of trains, electric trains?
5. Eat with dirty hands?
6. Edible fungus - put in a box?
7. Throw trash out the train window?
8. Riding a train without a ticket?
9. Candles be used instead of electric garlands?
10. Do young children sleep on the top bunk of a train?
11. When leaving home, leave electrical appliances on?
12. Play different games on the railroad?
13. Getting on a train without a ticket?
14. Lean over the balcony railing?
15. Cover your mouth with a handkerchief when you cough?
16. Be rude to the conductor, call names on the train?
Game "Think of a funny story."
Moderator: Try to come up with funny stories about what would happen if
some work was done by people of a completely different profession.
What would happen if...
The yard was swept by a ballerina;
The train would be driven by a cook;
The path would be repaired by a doctor;
Instead of a conductor there would be an artist;
The head of the train was replaced by a conductor;
The gardener brought the letters into the house;
The musician was fishing;
Tickets at the box office were sold by the singer;
Suits were sewn by a sailor;
The librarian treated the sick;
Leading: While our train is moving to a given point, answer me this question.
So we say: the railway ... the railway ... And what does it contain in
myself? What about the railroad?
Child: Tunnels, bridges;
The railway line is inconceivable without railway stations, stations, substations,
hauls. She needs semaphores, arrows, platforms to work.
Child: Concepts such as “passage”, “ticket”, “shelf”, “speed”, “schedule”
applicable to railroads.
And of course, the railway is wagons, coal, steam, electricity.
Host: Trains are different. Come on, tell me what kind of trains you
Child: Trains are divided into passenger and freight. The first type of trains are
ambulances (or express trains), with reserved seat and compartment cars.
An example of such a train is the express "Russia", coming from Vladivostok
to Moscow, - the train passing in 6 days is the longest railway
route on our planet (9290km). He was assigned number 1. But no less cute
and local, suburban trains, which take us to
dacha, to my grandmother, who lives in a small village.
Poem
The railroad is getting stronger
And rails - beams brings the world together.
From the southern mountains to the northern seas,
It runs from west to east.
To serve the railroad
A lot of specialists are needed:
The driver himself, the assistant driver,
Cashier, minister and nearby - deputy minister,
As well as an impartial auditor,
Also, the main controller
Trackman, attentive,
The dispatcher is intelligible, obligatory;
For the fact that the car is warm and the train runs,
We heartily bow to them all!
Child: Freight (freight) trains are also different: they carry different types of
cargo, and for each type - its own wagon. Low rectangular wagons
deliver us coal and timber, tall rectangular - grain, small
trapezoidal wagons are designed for the transport of cement and flour, round
tanks transport oil and oil products; huge refrigerators
(refrigerators) bring us products, and platforms with installed
lattices are intended for transportation of containers, cars. Eat
also postal baggage cars.
Song Blue railway carriage".
Host: And now let's talk about professions related to the railway,
more precisely, which the railway united. who work on the railroad
road? Who keeps the railroad alive?
Game "Make a word".
The team that finds the most job titles wins.
(associated with the railroad).
BASH CAS MANIST WATER JUR TE NO HELP MACH PUNNY WOK
CHER ELECTRIC MAETZ SIR HASHIK NICK PRO DE ZA DIS PO NICK LU PET
TRICK SCHIK V SIL RE ZOR
(shoemaker, traveler, cashier, mechanic, machinist, assistant, conductor,
station attendant, dispatcher, electrician, porter, auditor).
Poems about professions
(railway related)
ENGINEER
The parallels of the rail go into the distance,
Arrows, stages, junctions.
Once in the soul to keep sadness:
You need to arrive on time, without delay.
Behind the train cars
Hundreds of souls, dependent on them alone,
People are those who go where
For the cares of their unthinkable.
Someone goes to the sea to rest,
Who is seconded, with a task
Someone will celebrate the holiday
Someone on a last date.
People go knowing ahead
That their before the expiration date
The train will surely take
To any destination.
But they, forgetting fatigue,
Without taking your eyes off the flickering rail,
The locomotive will drive
Staying on schedule.
We wish them more strength
So that the shifts are all calm,
So that the diesel does not let them down,
Passengers would be happy.
TO THE HEAD OF THE TRAIN
Passengers are restless
They fuss here and there.
Live Quietly Picky
Do not give conductors.
It's hard to deal with them
Calm down, scold...
If this is not possible,
That boss needs to be called.
After all, the head of the composition
In the train and the king, and God.
He is rightfully just
Moderately kind and moderately strict.
Someone messed up the place
Someone "hare" got into the car.
You need to help someone
And kick someone out.
With the one who hates everything in the world,
Understand without resentment
And with an error in the ticket
Resolve the situation.
So we wish them peace
Happiness in life again and again!
And diligent passengers
So as not to spoil their blood.
Their work with glory and honor
Wrapped up for us all.
Let them enjoy their work
And let success await you in everything!
CONDUCTOR
Passengers are children. During the journey
Someone should be responsible for them:
Check all tickets, bring a bed,
Feed and put to bed.
Boil strong tea, wake up sleepy at night,
Keep the car clean
Pour fresh water into heavy titanium
And don't forget to sweep the floors.
Close to go or the path lies far ...
For now on the railroad
The passenger will have, alas, not easy
Without a good conductor!
What do they wish?
Only patience and strength
And health - everyone needs it!
Let your exemplary work from now on always
Gratitude only sounds.
And native hearts, despite the years.
Let them knock with you, as before.
Let the duty go without accidents and dramas,
Happiness, cheerfulness, henceforth without melancholy!
Let more good people meet you
Our lovely guides!
TRAVELER
In their orange vests
Under the sun and in the night lights
They are winter and hot summer
They work on the tracks.
Checking joints, sleepers and nuts,
Checking wheels and brakes...
There is a hammer and a flashlight -
They will tell everything without words.
Their work is hard - the result is clear to everyone:
And passengers will know
That their path will be safe,
They can't expect accidents.
Travelers will check everything everywhere,
All problems will be fixed.
The machinists sacredly believe them:
They are always watching everything.
And hundreds of disasters to come
Do not come true. They will be warned
One traveler omnipresent -
All problems will be fixed.
Thank them for all their efforts
We wish you happiness and good
Love, understanding!
Valiant travelers - cheers!
TO THE DISPATCHER
Nobody would have known without you
Waiting for the train in the stations
When will he come? Late?
What platform is waiting for him?
And the passengers would crowd
From anger tore and threw,
Without such information
There would be chaos at the station,
Calm streams flow
Before all carrying without further ado
Streams of valuable information.
You know everything about everything
And the smallest change
Tell everyone in your
The usual short announcement.
About all train movements
They already know in advance.
And your long-awaited words
Everyone is waiting with great attention.
May happiness, joy and love
They will always "chase" them,
And the passengers again and again
"Thank you" will say, will not forget!
ELECTRICIAN
If they weren't on the railroad,
Trains then would not rush along it,
Darkness would reign, as in a black lair,
The semaphore did not show the necessary lights.
We constantly need their strong hands:
Wires, insulators - disassemble everything.
Day after day passes, but they are not bored,
Faults must always be corrected.
We want to wish them fewer accidents,
So that their work brings us joy.
Well, in personal affairs there was a good scenario.
Happiness, good spirits, love and warmth!
HEAD OF THE POST CAR
He delivers the mail with a spare car
Reliably, right, exactly in any part of the country.
He stores and sorts bags with letters.
Sending forms, not knowing melancholy.
Always full of will, doing his duty,
Parcels, parcels will deliver to people on time.
Postal cars carry messages to everyone,
Bypassing the hauls, doing their good work.
And those who are on duty
We always wish
Do not frown your eyebrows, do not think about the year!
After all, your glorious deed for many days
You valiantly, skillfully bring people together!
TO THE PORTER
Passengers on the platform
Beats the landing jitters
To take seats in the car,
Don't forget your luggage.
Who will help them skillfully
To the car or taxi
Can you deliver your luggage intact?
You can, just ask
That porter is trouble-free.
He will not leave you in trouble!
Your belongings are under supervision
He will deliver at the same time
suitcases and trolleys,
Chests, knots, bales
It's all without too much haste.
Hurrying is out of the question.
More strength and success
And good luck and good
Less grief, more laughter
Let work become like a game!
STATION OFFICER
Our Station Attendant
Not for nothing leads ,
Everyone knows - he is a good fellow
And he does not sit idle.
That child is lost
Or the train will not be found,
Someone got lost in something -
Everyone runs to the duty officer.
Help everyone who is sad
Didn't offend anyone
What's going on at the station
Under his control.
Let there be less work
And peace reigns in the family,
Everyone knows at the station
That our duty officer is a hero!
MECHANICS
A breakdown happened, downtime is coming,
The trouble happened, the mechanics are waiting.
With a smile in his eyes, not knowing barriers,
He will quickly adjust any unit.
On the way, diesel locomotives are threatened with breakdowns,
They are not pleasant and slow down the course.
For smart mechanics, breakdowns are a trifle,
Without shouting and noise, they will fix it anyway.
I will say without a doubt, without unnecessary embellishment:
Ways of communication cannot exist without you!
"Railway Song"
(to the motive of the song "My address is the Soviet Union")
Game "professional dictionary"
Host: I suggest you determine which professions those groups of words belong to
which I will now read to you.
1. Fabric, cutting, pattern, scissors, atelier. (Tailor).
2. Carriage, coal, tea, tickets, compartments, common car. (Conductor).
3. Beauty, hair, scissors, hairstyle, style, shampoo, paint,
client. (Hairdresser).
4. Platform, station, passengers, locomotive, cabin, rails, wagons,
traffic light, responsibility. (Locomotive driver).
5. White coat, patient, diagnosis, clinic. (Doctor).
6. Cold, rails, sleepers, heat, way, stage, "window", "crutch".
(Traveler, shoemaker).
skits
Presenter 1: We know a lot of transport: there is a bus, a steamboat.
Presenter 2: We will talk about the railway now.
Presenter 1: About the station, wagons, cash desk.
Presenter 2: And about those who carry us.
Presenters (in chorus): We have prepared an interesting story for you.
Presenter 1: Who is more important on the road - the driver or the conductor?
Presenter 2: Everyone knows - the most important driver on the road! Who at the sight of very
strict auditors immediately wilted?
Presenter 1: What to do with a heavy suitcase in a foreign city?
Presenter 2: If we are early for the train, how will we spend the day here?
Presenter 1: Where tickets are always taken, we will know from now on.
Presenters (in chorus): A cheerful semaphore will give us answers to all this!
Scene "Station".
Presenter 1: We come to the station.
Presenter 2: This is a large and bright hall.
Presenter 1: At the box office we will buy tickets here.
Presenter 2: And in the buffet - tea with a cutlet.
Presenter 2: Let's sit in chairs, wait (sit down).
Presenter 1: What will they announce to us.
Presenter 2: And around is pandemonium, endless movement.
Presenter 1: Here are tourists with kayaks,
Presenter 2: Here is an ensemble of harmonists,
Presenter 1: There is a whole class with backpacks - after all, the holidays are now.
Presenter 2: Here is an old woman with a samovar,
Host 1: Here are the students and the guitar.
Presenter 2: With a melon in a net Uzbek,
Host 1: And another hundred people.
Presenter 2: The loudspeaker suddenly sneezed:
Presenter 1: “The train Adler - Barnaul, maybe it will come now!”
Presenter 2: The people immediately ran.
Presenter 1: And behind him, you and I -
We have to go home.
Presenter 2: Goodbye, station!
Together: Your cozy bright room,
Since we're on the road,
We can't get around!
Scene "Luggage storage".
Passenger: Turned out to be passing through here,
I have half a day before the train,
I would go for a walk
But I have things!
Caretaker: Will help you without a doubt
There is also a storage room.
Let the owners walk
Things are waiting for them here.
Passenger: (giving things out the window)
Bag, suitcase, basket
Can I put a window in this?
Caretaker: Just do not take an elephant -
He needs a cage.
Passenger: I handed over my things, took the token
And the free one went out!
Scene "Help Desk".
Passenger 1: If you need help soon
Get, and not one,
We don't talk too much
Go to this window.
(Everyone goes to the window and gets in line.)
Passenger 2: Where can we change trains?
Passenger 1: Where to get to the train
Could we take a break?
Passenger 2: Here, in the window, they will tell us.
How much is our ticket
And also - which is also important -
Where is the buffet and toilet.
Passenger 3: Baby lost her mother,
All filled with tears.
Consultant: Announced from the window -
Mom found it right away.
Passenger 1: Passengers little by little
They go to him all day long.
Consultant: This smart window is called "Help Desk"!
Scene "At the checkout".
(Passengers with luggage in their hands, stand in line at the ticket office).
Passenger 1: We climb into the ticket office with our nose
Here's a simple question:
“Do you have a ticket to Rostov?”
Cashier: No.
Passenger 2: Heard in response.
Cashier: Here, take it - ka, to Brest
There are two great places.
Fortress Brest once
The soldiers were there.
Passenger 3: Give us tickets to Rostov.
Cashier: Well, go to Odessa.
The sea is there and everyone jokes
Living in Odessa will not be boring.
Passenger 2: We would still like to go to Rostov.
Cashier: There are tickets to Chisinau.
It's warm and grapes
Everyone is happy with grapes.
And you don't want to go there?
Do you speak Spanish?
There are tickets to Madrid.
There you will see bullfighting
Queen with king.
Passenger 3: No, we'll still wait
Two tickets to Rostov, -
We speak to the cashier again.
The cashier immediately became bored:
Cashier: Here is a capricious passenger
Today I went -
Everything is not good for him.
I told him this way and that,
Well, you can't please!
Scene "Bridge".
Presenter 1: You know everything yourself:
There is a bridge at the station.
Host 2: Stretched out over the tracks,
He rose to his full height.
Presenter 1: Why is the bridge built here,
On land, not over water?
Presenter 2: The explanation here is simple -
He takes care of you and me.
Host 1: Like many guys,
To not waste time
Presenter 2: We love - but what to hide there -
Walk straight along the path.
The locomotive did not notice -
Here is the trouble!
All children need to remember -
The bridge will always help us out.
Together: On the bridge, not on the road,
We need to move!
Scene "Conductor".
Passenger 1: This is an uncle or aunt
At home here and at work.
Passenger 2: Here the apartment has gone,
In it, the neighbors are passengers,
Passenger 3: Fat,
Passenger 4: Slim,
Passenger 1: Good,
Passenger 2: Evil,
Passenger 3: Elderly,
Passenger 4: And young.
Passenger 1: Boy
Passenger 2: Or an old lady,
Passenger 3: And a ruddy girl -
Passenger 4: To all of them, even if it's night,
The conductor hurries to help:
Passenger 1: He will indicate the desired shelf,
Passenger 2: He will tell you about the final destination,
Passenger 3: Will bring fragrant tea.
Passenger 4: And sweep in the car.
Passenger 1: A forest and a river flashed by -
Her stove is already smoking:
Passenger 2: There is little outside the window,
The house must be fine.
Passenger 3: We didn’t have time to look back -
He carries a bed for everyone.
Passenger 4: Although tired and no urine,
Tell everyone: "Good night!"
Conductor: Passengers sleep sweetly -
conductor or conductor
Only one will not sleep
And keep your peace!
(A machinist in a cap enters the stage, reads a poem).
I wanted to become a chimney sweep -
I suddenly had to change my mind
Because the driver
I happened to see.
He walks with a smooth gait
Very slender and broad-shouldered.
Everyone knows - the most important
Driver on the road!
He delivers passengers
To the right city just in time:
To Kyiv, Astrakhan, Rustavi,
Ashgabat, Vladivostok.
Day and night leads the trains
With coal, sugar, ore
Through the deserts, through the oak forests,
On bridges over water.
Watching from the cockpit
There must be a free path.
(Looks into the distance).
On this long route
Don't take a nap for a minute.
Behind his platform
Scaffolding stacks are coming.
He is in a beautiful blue uniform,
I would like to be like that!
(“Compartment.” The Inspector approaches the sitting passengers, he reads the text, the passengers show the tickets, one is looking for a ticket for a long time).
AUDITOR
Well - ka, brothers, guess;
Who suffers from hares?
The gray wolf is not at all scary
Our unusual hares.
Do not be afraid of them - miracles!
For some reason, a fox.
Here, in the car, for a long time
The chief physician is their auditor.
He approaches the passengers
There is a ticket - let go in peace.
(Checks tickets).
And you won't get a ticket
So, you will immediately become a hare.
And saying that you're wrong
The auditor will impose a fine.
(The inspector shakes his finger.)
Heed my advice:
You must always take a ticket!
EPILOGUE
We drive up to the station
The journey is over.
The road has become clearer for us
Semaphore is our fellow!
He made friends with the driver,
Also with a guide.
We have a cozy, clean car
Replaced the house for a while.
Who will meet us on the platform?
What is a move?
Learn about everything
Never get bored.
Why do we go to the checkout?
Where can you find the answer to everything?
And what danger awaits
If you follow the path?
There are a lot of these rules.
And we're nowhere without them.
All together: We are with the railway
Friends forever!
Host: And it also happens that it is the railway that dramatically changes the fate of a person:
he dreamed of another profession, but, having only once traveled by train, he could not
already forget this "pressing" feeling of the road, smooth sliding
wagons, the smoke of a locomotive and the calling whistle of a locomotive. Or maybe,
today, after our holiday, someone will think, choose in the future
will become a railway worker, because our city Rtishchevo is a city
railroad workers.
Child: It's over guys
A story about professions.
You choose sometime
suitable for you.
But let's not rush
One can only dream.
We all need to learn a lot
To become a specialist.
To be proud of you later
Your grasp of labor,
To be masters
You are in any profession!
1. Introduction
2. Description
Conclusion
Used Books
1. Introduction
The main work of the conductor of passenger cars is passenger service. The conductor is a representative of the railway transport who is in direct contact with passengers and ensures their right to make the train with the necessary level of amenities and services, and is also responsible for their safety. In addition, the conductor works with the technical devices of the car: heating, ventilation, water supply, electricity. The conductor is also responsible for the sanitary maintenance of the car.
The conductor must have a sufficiently high level of cultural and political development, be an active supporter of the perestroika taking place in our country. Attentiveness, courtesy, courtesy, readiness to listen to the passenger at any time, to help in resolving misunderstandings and questions that have arisen - all these are the most important professional qualities of a passenger car conductor. If it is impossible to satisfy the requirements of passengers or resolve the misunderstandings that have arisen, the head of the train should be invited.
The conductor has well-defined official duties in the passenger car that he serves, including pre-trip preparation and equipment, when passengers board the car, during the flight and after it. The work of the conductor is regulated by the Rules for the Technical Operation of the Railways of the Russian Federation, the job description, the Rules for the Transportation of Passengers, orders and instructions of Russian Railways. The conductor must know these documents and strictly comply with their requirements. In all situations when there is a threat to the safety of traffic or the life of passengers, the conductor must be ready to act decisively and competently.
2. Description
2.1. Duties of the conductor in preparing and equipping the car before the flight
Each passenger car undergoes technical and sanitary preparation before the flight. The conductor, when accepting the carriage, must make sure that it meets the requirements, rules and instructions in terms of sanitary and technical condition. Technical inspection and repair of cars, both in terms of running gear and internal equipment of the car, is carried out by special teams of the maintenance point. Cleaning, cleaning and washing inside the car is carried out at the train formation point by special teams completely, teams with the participation of car conductors and the conductors themselves.
At the points of formation and turnover with the help of car washing machines or manually, the external washing of the surface of the body, window panes and running gear is carried out. Washing is carried out with hot or cold water and special cleaning solutions. In this case, contamination of the outer surface of the car should be removed, but without damaging the color. As a rule, external washing is done before each flight.
Inside the cars, window frames, walls, shelves, sofas, lockers, floors are washed and wiped, vestibules, heating pipes and toilet rooms are washed with hot water and detergents, disinfection of toilets and dustbins is carried out. At least once a month, the wagons should be disinfected using insecticides to prevent insects (bugs, cockroaches, etc.) from appearing in the wagons. Cleaning of the interior of the wagons is carried out after decontamination and repair work. After disinfection treatment, repair and cleaning can be started no earlier than 2 hours later, and after disinfection treatment - after 30 minutes.
The brigade carrying out the sanitary preparation of a passenger car must be provided with overalls, detergents, rags, mops for mopping floors and hot water. Inventory for the internal washing of the car must be marked with the inscriptions: “for the toilet”, “for the floor”, “for the shelves”. A bucket "for shelves" is also used for washing walls. The equipment used for cleaning inside the car is disinfected with a 3% solution of chloramine or a 5% solution of lysol with an exposure of 1 hour, after which it is rinsed with water.
After completion of preparation at the point of formation or turnover, all passenger trains are subject to a sanitary inspection, which is carried out by employees of the sanitary control point together with employees of the passenger economy and with the participation of conductors. All orders of sanitary supervision are binding, and the departure of the passenger train may be delayed until all deficiencies identified during the sanitary inspection are eliminated, and the passenger car, at the request of a representative of the sanitary service, can be uncoupled from the train.
Passenger trains are equipped with the necessary interior equipment and products for tea by passenger train maintenance bases. The base performs laundry, dry cleaning, repair and disinfection of bedding. Preparation and issuance of property to equipped trains is carried out according to the schedule for supplying trains, drawn up in accordance with the schedule of their departure.
Mattresses, pillows, blankets, curtains, napkins and other equipment according to the number of beds are given to the newly formed train in accordance with the norm established for each car. The amount of bed linen issued on a trip is determined by the duration of the trip, the number of beds in the car and the estimated occupancy of the cars. Bed linen and other sleeping equipment is brought to each car and handed over to the conductors.
Passenger bedding consists of a mattress, pillow, duvet, mattress covers, pillow and bed linen. The bed linen set includes two sheets, a closed-type pillowcase, a towel, in SV carriages - instead of one sheet, a duvet cover. The bed linen set is placed in a sealed or stitched cloth envelope or a stitched or thermally sealed synthetic film bag. Bed linen is packaged in special bags of 15 sets, which are sealed and numbered. Sheets, pillowcases and towels must be stamped by the company with the year of commissioning. Some of the sheets and pillowcases are made of cotton fabric with the marks of Russian Railways JSC in the form of a continuous ornament.
The quantity and quality of internal inventory issued to passenger cars of various categories: international, branded, ambulance, local, SV, compartment, reserved seat, - is established by the list approved by the order of Russian Railways, as well as the Regulations on branded train. The internal equipment may include curtains and curtains, carpet runners, corridor and compartment rugs, tires for corridor runners, napkins for window tables, sofa covers, cup holders, glasses, teaspoons, plates, knives and forks, teapots for making tea and for boiling water, towels for dishes, board games, brushes for clothes and shoes, paper and toilet soap, as well as equipment for the sanitary maintenance of the car, a vacuum cleaner, fire extinguishers, boarding numbers, route boards and other equipment.
The conductor is financially responsible for the safety of the internal inventory, he personally accepts and returns it. If the inventory is damaged or lost by the passenger, the conductor shall take measures to reimburse its cost for the railways. The cost of the damaged or 1 lost item is deducted from the passenger according to the price list approved by the order of Russian Railways.
Products for the tea trade, tea and other utensils are received by the outfitting brigade (or train crew) at the passenger service base and transported to the wagons. She also brings charcoal or peat briquettes for boilers.
The cars are supplied with soap, toilet paper, dishwashing detergents (soda, Progress detergent). Each car is provided with cleaning equipment: a vacuum cleaner, brooms, a dustpan, detergents and disinfectants, rags and rags, marked buckets (for floors, for shelves, for toilets). Each car must have a tank with a disinfectant solution and a ruff. The first-aid kits of the current use and emergency are completed with medicines. The passenger train must have two stretchers.
2.2. Supply of water and coal to passenger cars at the points of formation, turnover and on the way
At the start and end points and during the journey, passenger cars are supplied with water, and in the winter heating season - with coal. Along the route of a passenger train, the supply of coal and water is carried out at stations with parking, sufficient for this operation, every 8-12 hours of train movement. To supply the wagon with water, tankers connect its water filling pipes to the water taps available at the station with hoses. The conductor opens the shut-off valves in the filling pipes and monitors the refueling of the car, preventing water from overflowing onto the track. The conductor must pay attention to how the car is refueled. It is strictly forbidden to drag filling hoses with heads on the ground. The heads of the water-filling hoses between fillings must be placed in special devices to prevent their contamination. At all water supply points with a water distribution network of both capital and temporary types, the compliance of water quality with the requirements of GOST is periodically checked.
The wagon attendant is obliged to ensure that the heads of the water-filling nozzles of the wagons are also protected from contamination. In order to prevent freezing, the heads of the filling pipes are equipped with water or electric heaters. The most reliable means is to heat the filling pipes with hot water. The water heater consists of a welded cylindrical body at the end of the filling pipe. Hot water is supplied to and removed from the heater through pipes. The body of the heater should always feel hot to the touch. Disconnecting taps and valves on the inlet and outlet pipes of the heater are constantly open in winter. After refueling, the valves on the water pipes are closed.
Heating of passenger cars is started at an outside air temperature of +10°C and below. At the beginning of the heating season, even at positive air temperatures, coal is supplied only at the points of formation and turnover of trains. In winter, all passenger trains with a turnover of more than a day are supplied with coal at the points of formation, turnover and at intermediate stations indicated in the train schedule.
The norms for the supply of coal of certain grades are established by Russian Railways for specific railways (Table 1). The amount of coal for one day (in kilograms) is calculated depending on the outside temperature and the grade of coal available at the supply point.
Table 1.
Coal is delivered to trains on electric cars, tractors with trailers and trucks packaged in metal boxes with a capacity of 15 kg. The conductors pour the coal from the boxes into the places of its storage in the car, and the boxes are returned. In the points of formation and turnover in winter, passenger cars must be supplied to their full capacity.
Trains running on combined heating can be heated by both electricity and coal, and therefore are supplied at formation points at the full rate, and at intermediate stations - only in an emergency, when for some reason the electric heating does not work and coal is issued at the request of the chief passenger train.
2.3. Boarding and accommodation of passengers in the carriage
The main task of the carriage conductor is to provide the necessary amenities and services to passengers along the route. The most important moments in the work of the conductor are boarding passengers and placing them in the car, ensuring normal heating, ventilation and lighting in the car, providing bedding, tea, board games, and necessary information.
Boarding of passengers at the initial point of departure of the train begins immediately after it is announced on the loudspeaker network of the station, and on the way - after the arrival of the train and disembarkation of passengers. Any delay in boarding has an unpleasant effect on passengers, so the conductor must prepare for it in advance. During boarding, the conductor meets passengers in front of the entrance to the car, and if the weather is bad - in the vestibule at the open door of the car. Boarding into the car is made through the open vestibule doors of the working (boiler) side of the car from the boarding platform.
When boarding, the conductor is obliged to carefully check the travel documents of the passengers: to establish whether the travel documents are correctly issued, whether the train number, direction, date of boarding and departure, as well as the category and number of the carriage and seat correspond to those indicated in the documents. If necessary, he may also ask the passenger to present documents giving the right to purchase a reduced ticket.
If, upon boarding, the conductor discovers that the ticket office has sold two or more tickets for one seat, he allows the passenger to enter the carriage and asks him to wait for a decision on the issue of granting him a seat. The head of the train himself or with the help of the station staff allocates a seat to the passenger here or transfers him to another carriage. You should apologize to the passenger for the mistake made by the railway workers.
Passengers under the influence of alcohol are not allowed to board the train. If a drunken passenger is discovered by a conductor during a trip, then the head of the train or police officers remove him from the car. At the same time, an act is drawn up, which, in addition to the conductor or the head of the train, is signed by two more witnesses. A passenger who is intoxicated with alcohol is given an appropriate note on the ticket or the ticket is canceled, and thus he is deprived of the opportunity to use or return this ticket.
It is forbidden to board the carriage with passengers with hand luggage, the total weight of which exceeds the established norm (36 kg for one adult or children's ticket) or it clutters up the aisles or compartments. Passengers are offered to pay for excess weight of hand luggage at the current rate through the ticket office of the station or directly to the head of the train. Only after that is landing allowed. Since there are no scales at the stations to determine the exact weight of hand luggage, it is set approximately, by external examination.
It is forbidden to carry flammable, explosive and toxic substances in passenger cars. If they are found in the passenger's hand luggage, he may be denied boarding the train or removed from the train. Travel may only be permitted after the passenger has removed the dangerous goods from their carry-on baggage. If a passenger is refused a trip due to the presence of flammable, explosive and toxic cargo in his things, his travel documents do not lose their validity.
The conductor is obliged to warn passengers so that they do not forget the tickets with the escort. 5 minutes before the departure of the train, the head of the train warns passengers about this via the train loudspeaker network. 2 minutes before departure, the head of the train over the loud-speaking network, and the conductors - in the cars, offer the mourners to leave the cars.
Passengers for whom tickets were issued without specifying a seat have the right to enter the carriage. If there are empty seats after the departure of the train, they are provided to them, and if there are no seats, they are transferred to other cars or offered to wait until the seats become free.
Passengers are pleased to see a friendly and polite conductor when landing. It should provide assistance to elderly passengers, disabled people and passengers with children. If there were any misunderstandings when boarding the car or the passenger asked the conductor, he suggests that he wait for the end of boarding, and if the passenger has travel documents for this train or this car, he asks him to enter the car. After boarding and departure of the train, the conductor himself or with the help of the head of the train resolves the misunderstandings that have arisen or satisfies the request of the passenger. If there is no way to meet him, you need to politely explain the reason.
After the departure of the passenger train from the station, the conductor passes through the car, once again checks the travel documents and their compliance with the seats occupied by passengers in reserved seat, compartment and soft cars, takes the travel documents from the passengers and arranges them in accordance with the numbers of seats in the car in pockets for storage of tickets. Tickets are redeemed by folding and tearing. You cannot redeem tickets for transit passengers who will transfer to another train, and those passengers who have declared that they will make a stop permitted by the Rules of Transportation along the route. For passengers who wish to receive bed linen, the conductor brings and gives out sets of linen directly at their seats.
If the train left the starting point and there are two conductors in the car, then in order to reduce the time they serve the passengers together: one collects tickets, the second distributes bed linen. Then the attendant on duty fills out the occupancy and bed linen consumption form of the LU-72 form: notes the stations for boarding and disembarking passengers, the numbers of the seats they occupy, and makes a note about the issuance of linen.
By mutual agreement, two passengers can exchange places, informing the conductor of the car about this. If a passenger turned to the conductor with a request to provide him with a lower seat instead of the upper one or to replace a seat in one compartment with a seat more convenient for him in another compartment, the conductor allows this only with the consent of the other passengers. In this case, the conductor should be extremely polite. The conductor informs the head of the train about the requests of passengers to transfer them to another carriage or to a carriage of a higher category, who makes the decision.
In all cases, when the ticket office mistakenly sold tickets for the same seats to two or more passengers, the conductor allows one of them to take this seat. First of all, a place is provided for the disabled, the sick, the elderly, war veterans, passengers with children or those who came to board earlier. The head of the train himself or with the help of the station staff places the second passenger in an empty seat in this or another carriage in accordance with the Rules of Transportation.
Passengers place hand luggage in the designated places. The conductor is obliged to explain to the passengers that the lockers under the lower shelves are used to store bedding and that only when the lockers are empty, passengers who have sleeping places both on the lower and on the upper shelves can put their things there. In passenger cars below the floor level there is a container for storing used linen. It is forbidden to put any things of passengers there.
As mentioned above, the passenger must start his journey from the point indicated on the ticket. If at the time of departure of the train the seat turned out to be free, the head of the train places the passenger on it or puts him on sale, therefore, the passenger who boards the train already on the route loses the right to the seat indicated on his ticket at the starting point of departure. In international trains, there is a procedure according to which a seat not occupied by a passenger within 30 minutes after the departure of the train is considered free and can be provided to another passenger or put on sale.
If, when boarding a train, passengers with small animals or birds (although this is permitted by the Rules of Transportation), compartment neighbors object to joint travel with them, the conductor can resolve this conflict himself or with the help of the head of the train. If a passenger in a compartment of an international carriage objects to the carriage of animals, the owner of the animal is given a seat in another compartment. If he does not agree to pay the fare and reserved seat in a separate compartment, he is denied transportation.
Passengers of different sexes may travel together in sleeping cars on an international train only with mutual consent. Otherwise, the head of the train is obliged to transfer them to another compartment.
Conductors must warn the passengers of their car about the approach to their destination station. Sleeping car attendants are responsible for the passage of passengers to the destination and transfer stations indicated on the ticket. If the passenger passes through the disembarkation station, an act is drawn up signed by the head of the train, the conductor and the passenger himself. The act is certified at the station and gives the passenger the right to return to the destination station that he passed without paying the fare.
If it is established that the passenger has lagged behind the train, the conductor informs the head of the train about this. Then, with the participation of two passengers as witnesses, they draw up an act in which they indicate the type and number of things belonging to the lagging passenger. The act is signed by the head of the train, the conductors of the car and both passenger-witnesses. The conductor is obliged to ensure the safety of things and, at the direction of the head of the train, transfer them to the station along the route or at the destination. If the conductor finds forgotten or lost things in the carriage, he must treat them as a find. These items may be returned during the flight to the passenger claiming the loss, provided that the passenger can accurately describe them. The passenger must confirm the fact of returning things to the conductor in any form - in writing or orally. If the owner of the lost things is not found, they are handed over to the chamber of forgotten things at the train station of the destination station.
2.4. Passenger service en route
The work performed by the conductor on the way is diverse, and its main goal is to provide passengers with comfortable, sanitary, hygienic and safe. travel conditions. The conductor's responsibilities include; providing passengers with the necessary services, managing the technical devices of the car - heating, ventilation, air conditioning, etc., sanitary maintenance of the car, ensuring that passengers comply with the rules of travel, maintaining public order in the car, recording and transferring empty seats, providing necessary assistance to Passengers in case of illness, providing the passenger with the necessary information about the train schedule.
At least twice a day, the conductor is obliged to do wet cleaning in the car. Four times a day, and if necessary, and more often, toilets should be cleaned with obligatory washing of floors. In compartment, soft and SV cars, the tracks in the compartment and corridor are vacuumed twice a day. Before train stops at large stations, when passing through the sanitary zones of cities and resort areas, in front of bridges and tunnels, toilets should be closed, and passengers should be explained that this is required by sanitary rules.
Passengers dump garbage into a special box in the small corridor of the car (from the side of the non-working vestibule). An inscription with a pointing arrow "For garbage" is posted on the wall of the car. The conductor burns the garbage accumulated along the way in the boiler furnace or removes it into special garbage bins at the stations indicated in the schedule book. Throwing garbage on the hauls and stations is prohibited for both passengers and train staff.
Passenger trains in our country can pass through several climatic zones in one run, from north to south, from west to east and vice versa, so one of the most important duties of the conductor is to maintain the necessary thermal conditions in the car. This is possible with proper operation of the heating and ventilation system.
At an outside air temperature of up to -40 °C, the temperature in the car is maintained with coal heating not lower than 18 °C, with electric combined heating, within 18-20 °C. Before boarding, the car must be sufficiently warmed up. On the way, the wagon conductor is obliged to heat the water heating boiler, monitor the operation and condition of the heating system. In cars with electric or combined (electric or coal) heating, it must constantly operate in automatic mode, and manual heating control is switched over with the permission of the head of the train or train electrician only in case of a malfunction of the automation elements or in violation of the normal temperature regime.
Passenger cars are equipped with devices for natural and forced ventilation. The conductor of the car must know their work well and correctly apply this knowledge in practice. It is necessary to provide normal in the car! air exchange, so that during a long stay of a significant number of passengers, the humidity and temperature of the air do not increase in it and the content of substances harmful to the life of the body does not exceed the permissible norm. The temperature in the car is regulated by means of ventilation devices, especially the air conditioning system. As a rule, passengers feel good when the air temperature inside the car is 18-20 °C and the humidity is 30-70%. The maximum allowable "carbon dioxide content in the air is 0.1% by volume, dust - no more than 1 mg / m3.
With an increase in the speed of passenger trains up to 160 km/h and higher, the ingress of dust into the car with closed windows, doors and reflectors increases sharply as a result of suction through leaks, so the ventilation system must create the necessary air boost from inside the car in order to ensure air exchange and exclude dust ingress.
During the journey, the conductor must constantly monitor the temperature in the car and the state of ventilation, not only relying on his feelings, but also following the readings of the instruments. You should also listen to the opinions of passengers. Being engaged in his work or being in the office, the conductor may not feel stuffiness and high temperature in the car.
Forced ventilation in winter mode provides additional heat supply for heating the car, since the air is heated by a heater, in summer it is used to exchange air and cool the air inside the car. The installation of forced ventilation of a passenger car operates in three modes, or steps, of operation. The first stage with a small volume of supplied air is used in winter. The second stage with the supply of an average volume of air into the car is used in spring, autumn or summer with a small population of the car and at a relatively low outside air temperature. The third stage with the supply of a large volume of air is used in the summer.
The most comfortable conditions for passengers are created in carriages equipped with air conditioning devices. In these installations, the air supplied to the car in summer is cooled and heated in winter, which makes it possible to change the temperature, humidity and other parameters of the air inside the car in a wider range. Air conditioning makes it possible to create normal driving conditions in the car at an outside air temperature from + 32°C to - 40°C. At present, air-conditioning units are installed on SV carriages, restaurant carriages and part of compartment carriages. In these cars, the compartment windows do not open, and the windows in the carriage corridor open through one.
The car is naturally ventilated through ceiling vents and openable windows. The conductor, using heating and ventilation devices in winter and summer, regulates the temperature and air exchange inside the car. The normal thermal regime in the car in winter, at low outside air temperatures, is achieved by the correct operation of the water heating system of the boiler and heating of the air coming from the ventilation unit to a temperature of at least 20 °C.
If the car becomes too hot, the conductor must reduce the heating of the heating boiler and increase the air flow through the fan. In winter, with a large population of cars, especially reserved seats or with common places, with the ventilation system running, it is necessary to slightly open the deflectors in the passenger room to improve air exchange and remove used air with high humidity and carbon dioxide content. From the side of the boiler end of the car, the deflectors are opened by 10-15 mm, in the non-boiler part of the car - by 20-25 mm.
An objective indicator of the poor performance of the ventilation unit is fogging of the windows on the inside of the car. In this case, the conductor turns on a higher air supply to the car, and in order not to cool the room, it increases the heating work. In the event of a failure of the car's power supply system or a malfunction of the ventilation unit itself, the deflectors open.
In summer, when the outside air temperature is +20 °C and above, the car's ventilation system must operate continuously, including at train stops. The fan is turned off for 10-15 minutes during each hour of operation. When the temperature in the car rises above + 25°C, the ventilation unit does not provide a decrease in temperature, therefore, it is necessary to open the windows on one side of the car, and at a temperature of +30°C and above, open all the windows. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that when driving on double-track sections on the right side along the train, there is a danger of dust from oncoming trains entering the open windows of the car (Fig. 1). Therefore, it is necessary to open windows on the right side along the train. When the train is moving at a speed of over 120 km/h, the windows are not opened, as a large amount of dust will enter the car through them. In summer and when forced ventilation is running, all deflectors must be open; in winter, deflectors in the toilets are constantly left open.
"open" position "closed" position
Fig.1. Closing and opening windows in a passenger car: 1 latch; 2-triangular head; 3-push frame; 4-retainer; 5-handle
On fig. 1 shows devices for closing and opening a wagon. When preparing the sliding windows for the winter, the latch 1 must be locked. The triangular screws 2 mounted on the pressure frame 3 must be evenly tightened. In this state, no more windows can be opened. Opening windows with force leads to damage to the fixing parts and the windows themselves.
The air conditioning unit must operate in automatic mode and maintain the air temperature in the car within 22-25 °С in summer and 18-22 °С in winter. The operation of the unit will be automatically adjusted by means of thermostats installed in the car, which regulate the temperature change. If the thermostats fail, you can switch to manual control. Permission for this is given by the train electrician, to whom the conductor of the car must contact in case of any malfunction of the air conditioning, ventilation, power supply systems.
The conductor is obliged to constantly provide the passengers of his carriage with boiled chilled water. To do this, the car has a combined continuous boiler, a cooler of drinking water and a tank for drinking water with a collapsible tap. The boiler (Fig. 2) serves to provide passengers with drinking water and to prepare tea.
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Fig.2. Drinking water supply system
At the stopping point, before the car is brought in for boarding, the conductor melts the boiler furnace and heats it with charcoal or fuel briquettes. The electric heating of the boiler is switched on only when the train is in motion. The productivity of the continuous boiler when operating on solid fuel is 16-18 l/h, on electric heating - 12-14 l/h. After preparing a sufficient amount of boiled water (at a level on the gauge glass of the boiler corresponding to the mark of 15 liters), it is pumped with a hand pump into the drinking water cooler until it appears in the sight glass at the top of the cooler. Then, a cooling unit is turned on on the electrical distribution board. Check the quality of drinking water and its temperature, which should be in the range of 12-18 ° C.
The place for the analysis of drinking water is located in the niche of the wall of the service compartment, located in the small corridor of the boiler end of the car.
Hot water is also needed for washbasins in toilets and for washing dishes. There are water heaters in the boiler compartment of the car. In summer, water is heated by a furnace, in winter - by a coil with hot water, the temperature of which should not exceed 70 °C. The handler's service room is equipped with a dish sink made in the form of an enameled steel sink or a stainless steel sink. The sink has a hot and cold water mixer and a drain pipe. Hot water is supplied through a special pipeline to the washbasins in the toilets, and is also used for cleaning the car, washing the toilets and thawing the toilets in winter.
The power supply system of modern passenger cars ensures the operation of fluorescent lighting, ventilation and air conditioning devices, high-voltage heating of the car, as well as a combined boiler and drinking water cooler, converters for electric shavers. The conductor is directly involved in managing the operation of the wagon power supply system and controls the operation of the heating alarm of the rail axle boxes of the wagon and the fire alarm.
The main control, signaling and protection devices are installed on the electrical distribution board located in the conductor's service compartment. From the control panel of the electrical distribution board, with the help of switches and buttons, the entire power supply system of the car, as well as heating and ventilation, is controlled. On the control panel of the cars there is also an alarm (lamps) for a short circuit and current leakage to ground of the positive and negative circuits, switching on the fluorescent lighting converter, switching on groups of lighting devices, an electric boiler, a drinking water cooler, a heating system circulation pump, a converter for electric shavers, tail signal lights. On the control panel there are signal lamps for supplying high-voltage voltage to the main and turning on the heating of the car. In addition, there is an alarm for the heating of the axle boxes.
In the event of an emergency failure of the generator and battery, current is supplied through the low-voltage undercarriage line from the neighboring car and vice versa.
The conductor must know how to control the power supply system of the wagons, be able to identify emerging faults. To do this, a general scheme of the power supply system is posted in the service compartment. There is a specification of the elements that make up the scheme, and their basic data are given. The components of the scheme are the power supply system, lighting system, high-voltage electric heating, ventilation unit control, radio broadcasting network, radio installation (in carriages with a radio compartment).
The main switch for the power supply system has three modes: day, evening and night. In the "day mode" position, the lighting lamps of the boiler room, sockets in the corridor, toilets and under the car, ringing bells are switched on. In the position of the main switch "evening mode" all lighting lamps are turned on, and in the position "night mode" only incandescent lamps and sockets are switched on.
During the established hours of operation of the train radio hub, passengers get the opportunity to listen to the latest news, feature-rich, musical and entertainment programs. Of particular importance is service information, which in each train must be transmitted at least twice a day. Passengers are informed of the main provisions of the Rules for the carriage of passengers, including the rules of passenger behavior in railway transport. Passengers are warned about the need to comply with fire safety rules and public order. The conductor must not only monitor the health of the radio broadcast in the car, but also warn passengers about the need to “listen to service information. check the loudness of the loudspeakers, especially in the corridor of the compartment and soft cars, and, if necessary, reduce the sound.
The conductor is obliged to monitor the observance of public order in the carriage, not to allow drinking alcohol, smoking in compartments, corridors, toilets and vestibules on the working side of the carriage, as well as the presence of unauthorized persons in the carriage. Gambling and speculation are also not allowed. Passage in vestibules, on the transition platform and on the roof of the car is prohibited.
It is the responsibility of the conductor to ensure the safety of the internal inventory and the passenger car itself. Free compartments must be locked, with the radio turned off, lights and windows closed.
The conductor warns passengers about arrival at the destination station in advance, and 30 minutes before that removes bedding, pays passengers for tea and confectionery and returns tickets to them. After the train has completely stopped at the destination station, the conductor opens the outer vestibule door, wipes the handrails and starts disembarking and then boarding passengers.
Upon arrival of the train at the turnaround point, after disembarking passengers, the conductors collect the used bed linen in bags and put them in lockers, put mattresses, pillows and blankets on the upper shelves and in the ceiling niches. They vacuum and roll up the carpets and compartment rugs, sweep the floors, dust the sofas, shelves, tables, walls, electrical fittings, take out the garbage from the cars to special waste bins. During the stopover of the train at the turnaround point, all floors and toilets must be washed. This is done by a team of washers or the conductors themselves, depending on the established procedure. At the point of formation and registration of a passenger train, after arrival, both used and clean linen are counted and folded, preparing it for delivery. They sweep the floor, dust off all the internal surfaces of passenger rooms, corridors, clean the toilet rooms, the boiler room, vestibules. Remove trash from wagons. If the brigade changes, then it rents the internal inventory of the car to another brigade or to the storerooms.
2.5. Services provided to passengers on trains
On the train, passengers are provided with a whole range of free and paid services. In carriages with berths, bedding and a set of bed linen are provided in packaged form (two sheets, a pillowcase and a towel). The fee for using it is 1 ruble, but if the set includes additional items: a second towel, toilet soap, etc., the cost of the service increases. The passenger has the right to demand replacement of poor-quality bed linen without payment. On the way, the passenger can take for a fee a new set of bed linen to replace the used one. Receipts for the use of bed linen are not issued. For business travelers, a ticket for a bed in a carriage serves as a report for using a bed on a train.
The conductors make all the beds in the SV carriages, and in the compartment and second-class carriages - only for the disabled and the elderly. Bedding is taken from passengers no earlier than 30 minutes before arrival at the destination station. Passengers themselves clean their bed, and the conductor takes it from the compartment from the bed. In the SV carriages, the conductor cleans the linen.
Branded trains are served for boarding with beds made on the upper shelves of compartment cars. In international trains, the cost of using bedding is included in the price of the reserved seat. If an international train departs at night from 21:00 to 07:00 local time, the sleeping places must be made up by the conductor of the car in accordance with the data of the cartogram of sold seats, which he has before the train arrives at the platform where boarding will take place. If an international train departs during the day, the conductor prepares beds with bedding at the request of the passengers.
The toilets in all trains must be - toilet paper and soap.
All passenger cars are supplied with tea, sugar in individual packaging, confectionery products in small packages (biscuits, waffles, etc.). In carriages of passenger trains of all categories, passengers should be offered tea at least three times a day from 8 am to 10 am, from 3 pm to 5 pm and from 8 pm to 10 pm local time, and in branded and international trains - additionally at the request of passengers at any time days. Tea is brewed in a special teapot with boiling water from the boiler in the car. The joint indication of Russian Railways and the Ministry of Trade of the Russian Federation established the norm for laying tea in a glass of drink - 1.25 g. For the preparation of tea leaves, tea of the highest and first grades is used in a ratio of 1: 1. 25 g of tea should be consumed per liter of tea leaves, 50 ml of tea leaves per glass of tea (200 ml).
The payment for tea, coffee and confectionery offered to passengers is charged in the following amounts:
for tea (without sugar) made from bulk tea - 2 kopecks. for a glass;
for tea (without sugar), for the preparation of which tea is used in small packaging (bags of mass-I soy 2 and 3 g) - 4 kopecks. for a glass;
for natural, instant, sugar-free coffee (a bag of 2.5 g) - 22 kopecks. for a glass; for sugar, 2 pieces weighing 15 g in individual packaging or for a bag of sugar made of laminated paper weighing 10 g - 2 kopecks each. for packing.
Tea is served to the passenger with the amount of sugar that he wants, or without sugar, also at his request. Confectionery products are sold to passengers at retail prices of the 2nd belt with a 20% mark-up, and crackers - at retail prices of the 2nd belt.
Payment for tea and confectionery products is made with the consent of the passenger immediately, a day before or completely at the end of the trip. It is prohibited to take money in advance for these services.
Passenger trains provide for the sale of souvenirs, household and industrial goods, which must be carried out by carriage conductors. These additional responsibilities are determined by a joint order of Russian Railways and the Ministry of Trade of the Russian Federation of 1987. Trade organizations, and they can be city or local trade enterprises, departments and departments of working supplies of railways, organize training for trade conductors on the basis of programs approved by the Ministry of Trade of the Russian Federation and curricula. Then, an employment contract is concluded with the conductors of the carriages or they are enrolled as part-time sellers in the states of trading enterprises and issue certificates of admission to trade in passenger trains.
Conductors who sell goods on trains are provided with special equipment (season seals, locks, trays, trolleys), advertising brochures, letterheads, packaging materials with the Russian Railways logo. By order of Russian Railways and the Ministry of Trade of the Russian Federation, an indicative list of goods to be sold on passenger trains was approved. For this additional work, the trading company pays the conductor a remuneration in the amount of 5% of the proceeds.
Kiosks or shops created at the points of location of the reserves of conductors, in car depots, sections or DOPs should supply conductors with goods. Based on the requests of the conductors, the employees of the trade enterprise select goods in a quantity sufficient for trading in wagons on the direct and return trips. Goods are released to the conductor upon presentation of a certificate of admission to trade and issue an invoice in four copies. The invoice must contain the date, train number, route, time of departure, last name, first name, patronymic of the seller (conductor), number of his certificate, list and quantity of goods, their retail prices, cost of goods and amount on the invoice, name and amount of inventory issued. The waybill is signed by the storekeeper who issued the goods, and the seller (conductor) who accepted it. The first and third copies of the waybill remain with the storekeeper, the second is placed in the container with the goods, the fourth is handed over to the conductor. The conductor sells the goods issued to him at state retail prices with a 5% trade markup. The sale of goods that are not indicated in the income statement is prohibited.
Conductors-sellers are obliged to ensure the safety of the goods and monetary values accepted by them along the route, they bear financial responsibility for them. In case of damage or damage to goods, an act is drawn up in three copies signed by the head of the train and the conductor-seller, indicating the reasons for the damage or damage to the goods, their quantity and cost. The first copy of the act is sent to the road department, the second is attached to the commodity report, and the third is left with the seller.
After the end of the trip, the conductor is obliged to hand over the proceeds for the sold goods to the cash desk of the trade enterprise and, no later than 24 hours after returning from the trip, deliver the unsold goods to the storekeeper, issuing a return on the second and fourth copies of the income statement, and submit the commodity report to the accounting department of the trade enterprise. The second copy of the invoice, which is a reporting document, is submitted to the accounting department, the fourth is transferred to the storekeeper for posting unsold goods.
On the way, passengers are informed through the train radio center about the goods available to the conductor and their prices.
Passenger trains sell newspapers, magazines and books. There is an Agreement on the procedure for organizing the sale of periodicals on railway transport, concluded between Russian Railways and the Ministry of Communications of the Russian Federation. Newspapers, magazines and other printed publications are sold by conductors on passenger trains under an agreement with Rospechat enterprises. They are issued certificates for the right to sell periodicals and non-periodical publications and to receive newspapers along the way. This work is supervised directly by the head of the passenger train. He must periodically announce printed materials available for sale from train crew members on the train radio network.
Car conductors receive newspapers and magazines from Rospechat's expeditions located at passenger train formation points. Newspapers and magazines prepared for sale on trains must be packed in bundles; upon issuance, an invoice of form SP-22 is drawn up. The first copy of the consignment note is taken by the conductor, and a copy of it with the conductor's signature remains in the expedition of the communications company. Upon returning from the flight, the conductors hand over the cash proceeds to the enterprises of Rospechat according to receipt orders, and unsold publications - according to receipt invoices, drawn up in two copies. Receipts of credit orders and the first copies of waybills are issued to conductors of passenger cars. At the enterprises of Rospechat, for each conductor, personal accounts of the form SP-9 are opened, which take into account the cost of issued publications, the cash proceeds to be handed over and the cost of returned publications.
The conductors purchase fresh newspapers during the voyage from forwarders of the Rospechat enterprises at railway stations using the money they received from the sale of printed materials or received on the expedition from the train formation point. Employees of Rospechat expeditions located at railway stations deliver bundles of newspapers directly to the trains and hand them over to conductors for cash. In the waybill form SP-22 for the issued newspapers, the amount payable for the newspapers and the amount of commissions are indicated.
For the sale of printed publications in passenger trains, carriage attendants once a month receive a commission in the amount of 10% of the nominal value of publications. In cases where the receipt of periodicals is disrupted due to the fault of the enterprises of Rospechat, the leadership of the reserve of conductors informs these enterprises or the Union or Republican Ministry of Communications for action, and on the way, the head of the train must give a telegram about this. If the conductors refuse to receive newspapers delivered to the car, the Rospechat enterprises notify the management of the car depot, the car section or the reserve of conductors about this.
According to the Rules for the Transportation of Passengers, all carriages of long-distance passenger trains must have board games (dominoes, checkers and chess), which are given to passengers free of charge.
A passenger occupying a seat on the second shelf has the right to receive seat belts. If the upper shelves of the carriage are not equipped for the use of such belts, the conductor must politely explain to the passenger that it is impossible to satisfy his request.
Passengers are provided with medicines available in the train first-aid kit free of charge.
In a number of branded trains, free household corners, children's rooms, reference and information compartments, and train libraries are organized on a voluntary basis.
Depending on the organization of work and local conditions, the train crew can also provide passengers with a range of services: arranging ticket validation for a further trip or taking orders for a direct reserved seat, calling porters, receiving telegrams, taxi orders. In branded trains, there are such services to passengers as clothing repair, a hairdresser, etc. In international and a number of other trains for general use, there are advertising publications of Soviet railways, political literature in Russian and foreign languages. To the services of passengers who are on a long trip, paid video salons are organized in many trains.
Note
In paragraph 2.5, the prices of 1987 are indicated
Conclusion
Memo for conductors of long-distance passenger cars :
“On sanitary requirements for the internal cleaning of wagons along the route”
To maintain cleanliness and compliance with sanitary norms and rules along the way, the conductor of a passenger car must regularly clean the car interior, passenger compartments, and toilets. It is also necessary to regularly wash the dishes used by passengers and carriage conductors. At the same time, it must be remembered that the dishes intended for the passenger are stored in a specially designated place and separately from the dishes of the conductors.
1.Used for cleaning saloons and compartments: 1% solution of a special asset (100 ml (half a glass) of funds per 10 liters of water).
2.Used for cleaning toilets: 3% solution of septopol (300 ml of the product (1.5 cups) per 10 liters of water
3.Used for washing dishes: 0.5% -2% soda ash solution (5 grams per 1 liter of water)
6.Anti-epidemic measures .
When identifying among passengers or members of the train crew of persons with suspected infectious disease, it is necessary:
6.1. Report through the head of the train to the first-aid post, UPC or other medical institutions nearest along the train, about the presence of an infectious patient in the composition;
6.2. Isolate the patient in a separate compartment, and transfer the passengers who had contact with him to the next compartment, having previously released him from the passengers.
6.3. In a second-class carriage, curtain the compartment with sheets soaked in a 1% solution of bleach;
6.4. All work related to the current disinfection, as well as the processing of patient care items, is carried out in overalls and rubber gloves.
6.5. For the patient, two containers are allocated necessary for collecting secretions (located on the staff car).
6.6. Current disinfection of all utensils available on the car is carried out in a 1.0% solution of bleach;
6.7. Disinfection is carried out in toilets, in the salon, in the compartment, all walls, floors, ceilings, shelves are wiped with rags soaked in a 1.0% bleach solution.
6.8. The underwear and bed linen contaminated with the secretions of the patient are collected in an oilcloth bag or in a pillowcase pre-moistened in 1.0% bleach solution and stored in the patient's compartment in one of the lockers of the lower shelf, to the railway station where the patient will be removed and final disinfection will be carried out .
6.9. The floor, walls, ceilings, doors, windows, shelves and lockers in the patient's compartment, as well as places contaminated with the patient's secretions, are first treated with disinfectants and then cleaned and washed using disinfectants. Toilets, wash bowls, toilet bowls, car interiors, floors, walls and ceilings are also cleaned using disinfectants.
7.Washing of tea utensils.
Wash glasses, glass holders, spoons, forks and knives with hot water with the addition of soda ash, rinse, put in a dishwashing rinse or in the sink in the conductor's service compartment, pour boiling water and leave for a few minutes (the drain hole of the sink must be closed with a cork).
When accepting the wagon, the conductor must make sure that there is a plug to close the drain hole. Dry washed dishes on a tray or put on a clean towel.
8.Car cleaning in flight
When cleaning a wagon on a voyage, the conductor must carry out the following types of work:
8.1. Clean the interior of the car, along the corridor, along the compartment with a vacuum cleaner at night - sweep the corridor and all vestibules with a broom, as well as free compartments without interfering with the rest of passengers.
8.2. Clean the floor in the toilet and the floor behind the toilet with a wet rag intended for cleaning the toilets, wipe the wash bowls in the toilets with another rag, if necessary, renew the disinfectant in the tanks with a brush. Wipe the toiletry shelf, mirror, soap dish, washbasin faucet, windows, walls and ceiling in the toilet. Add soap and toilet paper, and in the “branded” cars, check for paper towels.
8.3. Wash the floors, walls and windows in the vestibules (in winter, sweep the vestibules and break off the ice). In a non-working vestibule, clean and rinse the ashtrays.
8.4. Wipe the ventilation grilles in the vestibules, along the corridor, at the bottom of the compartment doors and the recirculation grille in cars with air conditioning.
8.5. Wipe along the corridor: the casing of the radiators of the heating system, window sills, cornices of sun blinds, handrails, advertising shelves, the upper part of the salon doors, glass and the doors themselves from traces of passenger sweat. Wipe compartment doors and walls along the corridor and window panes from passenger sweat stains.
8.6. Wash the boiler tray, it must be clean without dirt, ash, soot and grease stains around the entire perimeter. Clean and rinse the boiler sump filter. Wipe all metal parts and the boiler cover from dirt and dust. Rinse and clean the drain hole in the pan, and also rinse the doors that close the boiler. If the boiler is heated with solid fuel, clean the ash collection compartment.
8.7. Rinse and wipe the sink under the drinking water tap and pump drinking water into the water intake tank.
8.8. Wipe with a damp cloth intended for cleaning the floors along the corridor, the floors under the radiators of the heating system, the floors in the small vestibule (opposite the toilet on the non-working side) and the floors in the oblique vestibule on the working side.
8.9. The conductor's office must be clean, there must be nothing on the cupboard and cupboard intended for storing "tea" utensils and confectionery for the "tea" trade except for confectionery received on the flight. In addition, utensils for serving tea and utensils intended for the passenger should be stored inside the cabinet. The conductor is allowed to store his dishes and unspoiled food on another shelf of the cabinet.
For all products that are to be sold, there must be quality certificates and confectionery products must not be expired. It is strictly forbidden to store in the cupboard - "tea house" - items that are not related to trade items in confectionery, to "tea" utensils and food (money, wagon keys, etc.) Glasses must be clean, without smudges, without traces of food and without grease stains. Washed and dried glasses should be covered with a clean towel. Teapots and pots for drinking water must also be clean and free of tea leaves and traces of food. In the compartment for storing spoons, forks, knives, nothing other than the above should be stored.
8.10. In the sink located in the service compartment of the handler, there should be nothing other than dishwashing detergent. The sink must be kept clean, free of grease, and must not be clogged.
8.11. At the nearest station where there are boxes for collecting garbage,
the conductor is obliged to empty the garbage container in the car. Categorical
it is forbidden to dump garbage on the railway tracks.
9.Rules for storing bed linen
9.1. Bed linen should be stored: separately dirty, separately clean.
As an exception, it is allowed (if the drawer for dirty linen is already occupied with dirty linen or it is not available at all) storage in the conductors' rest compartment under the lower shelf, packed in a bag, dirty bed linen.
9.2. Clean linens should be packed in a bag and stored on the second shelves or attic niche. At the return point, dirty bed linen must be sealed by the head of the train.
9.3. The rules for storing incomplete linen (dish towels, napkins, curtains, etc.) are similar to the rules for storing bed linen.
9.4. Categorical It is forbidden to store dirty and clean linen (both complete and non-complete linen) in a locker in the conductor's service compartment, as well as near the "tea house" cabinet.
10.General sanitary requirements for the conductor on the route .
10.1. There must be four labeled buckets in the car: a bucket for cleaning the toilet - must be stored in the toilet or in the boiler room on the boiler, a bucket for cleaning floors - must be stored under the titanium, a bucket for cleaning tables - must be stored in a closable niche above the boiler and a garbage pail must be stored on the floor in the boiler room. It is strictly forbidden to wash or store anything in buckets. Storing a bucket in a bucket is not allowed.
10.2. Brooms should be stored in a small riser of a non-working vestibule.
10.3. Rags for cleaning the floors of the corridor, compartments, vestibules - stored on the floor under the casing of the radiators of the heating system along the corridor near the boiler. The toilet cleaning cloth must be stored on the toilet cleaning bucket in the working side of the toilet.
10.4. Each conductor of a passenger car must have two dressing gowns: one dressing gown for cleaning toilets (stored in a large riser of a non-working vestibule), a second dressing gown for cleaning the passenger compartment (stored in the attendant's office in a plastic bag in a locker).
10.5. The hose from the vacuum cleaner must be stored in the toilet on the working side behind the toilet, and the vacuum cleaner itself in the handler's service compartment.
10.6. After cleaning the car, the conductor must change (if necessary, as it gets dirty) the tire on the carpet.
10.7. All work on cleaning the toilets and the car is carried out by the conductor in rubber gloves, which, after cleaning, must be washed under running water without removing them from the hands. Wash hands with soap under running water and apply cream.
10.8. The cabin is cleaned at least three times a day, and the toilets are cleaned as needed, but at least four times a day.
10.9. Detergents and disinfectants must be stored in closed containers and must be signed. It is recommended to store them under the washbasin in the toilet on the working side.
10.10. Upon completion of cleaning, cleaning equipment, buckets, rags must be washed and disinfected.
CONDUCTOR REMEMBER!!!
COMPLIANCE WITH THESE RULES WILL PRESERVE YOUR HEALTH AND THE HEALTH OF YOUR PASSENGERS AND WILL NOT LEAD TO VIOLATION OF SANITARY NORMS AND REQUIREMENTS OF SANITARY CONTROL SERVICES.
Used Books
1. Passenger cars of the main railways. Instructions for the maintenance of equipment. - M.: Transport, 1986. - 80 p.
2. Hygienic preparation of the conductor. - M.: Transport, 1977. - 26 p.
3. Egorov V. P. Operation of electrical equipment for passenger cars. - M.: Transport, 1980. - 296 p.
4. Instructions for ensuring fire safety in the carriages of passenger trains. - M.: Transport, 1986. - 47 p.
5. Instructions to the conductor of passenger cars. - M.: Transport, 1982. - 15 p.
6. Instructions to the wagon inspector. - M.: Transport, 1983. - 93 p.
7. Instructions to the chief (mechanic-foreman) of a passenger train. - M.: Transport, 1982. - 14 p.
8. Instructions on the work of controllers-auditors and auditors-instructors for the control of passenger trains.-M., 1984. - 23 p.
9. Instructions for the maintenance of the heating installation of a passenger car.-M .: Transport, 1981. - 14 p.
10. Matveev V. I., Kalymulin Yu. M., Dremin L. G. Manual for the conductor of passenger cars-M.; Transport, 1983.-255p.
11. General course and rules for the technical operation of railways / Ed. M. N. Khatskevich. - M.: Transport, 1983. - 394 p.
12. Fundamentals of a typical technological process of the centralized management of ticket sales on railways and branches. - M.: Transport, 1973. - 168 p.
13. Rules for issuing free tickets for travel on the railways of the USSR. - M.: Transport, 1979. - 47 p.
14. Rules for the carriage of international passengers and tourists traveling in passenger and tourist-excursion trains on the railways of the USSR. Collection; basic guidelines for rail transport. - M.: Transport, 1968. - 302 p.
15. Rules for the carriage of passengers and luggage by railways of the USSR (Tariff Guide No. 5). - M.: Transport, 1978. - 168 p.
16. Rules for the use of wagons in international passenger and railway freight traffic (PPV). Tariff guide No. 10/11-G. - M.: Transport, 1985. - - 136 p.
17. Rules for the technical operation of railways of the USSR. - M .: Transport, 1986. - 141 p.
18. Sanitary rules for equipment points for passenger cars at railway stations. - M.: 1986. - 17 p.
19. Collection of instructive and methodological materials on sanitary supervision of passenger transportation. - M.: Transport, 1974. - 117 p.
20. Agreement on International Passenger Transport (SMPS) and Service Instructions to SMPS (Tariff Guide No. 10-A and No. 10-B). - M.: Transport, 1978. - 141 p.
21. Soloveichik M. 3., Sotnikov T. A. Organization of passenger transportation. - M .: Transport, 1983. - 223 p.
22. Directory of international passenger messages. - M .: Transport, 1986. - 112 p.
23. Passenger Handbook. - M.: Transport, 1981. - 251 p.
24. Typical technological process of railway stations. - M.: Transport, 1978. - 53 p.
25. Typical technological process of inspection, uncoupled repair and equipping of passenger cars, - M.: Transport, 1975.-96 p.
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