Andes: the longest mountain range in the world. The longest mountains in the world The longest mountain range in the world

One mountain is great, but even better if there are many mountains. It is especially pleasing to the eye when they are combined into a long ridge, in which peaks alternate with valleys, small spurs, and all this is diluted with the murmur of rivers. Such beauty, stretching for several thousand kilometers, will not leave anyone indifferent. The emergence of mountain ranges is explained by the theory of relief formation. It says: ranges of valleys, mountains and hills are formed as a result of the collision of continental plates, crawling on top of each other. It is difficult to imagine the forces that are necessary for such a process. Yes, this is not necessary. It is better to admire the result of their work. Especially if these are the longest mountains in the world. Let's rank them and find out where they are.

Cordillera

To begin with, I would like to clarify one important point. Many people confuse these mountains with the Andes, although these are two completely different chains formed in different eras. Some call the Andes "Andean Cordillera", but they have nothing to do with these mountains. There is also confusion about their location. The Cordilleras "hug" North America from the south and west, creating a dense climatic barrier. For the same role is played by the Andes. Interestingly, these mountains practically converge at the junction of the 2 Americas. Therefore, they are often combined into a single mountain range, which is fundamentally wrong. It would be more correct not to confuse these giants and leave the Cordillera to North America, and the Andes to South America.

So, the Cordillera is the longest mountain in the world, with a length of just over 18,000 kilometers. They differ from their "colleagues" in a number of ways. The Cordilleras are elongated exclusively in the submeridional direction, have a high percentage of high mountains, are formed in five orotectonic belts of different ages, have active volcanism and high seismicity.

sea ​​mountains

Not everyone knows that mountains can be located not only on land, but also under water. Unfortunately, most of them are hidden from the eyes of hikers. And they are of interest to a few, because you can’t ski on such mountains. Well, the conquest of the peaks will look pretty ridiculous. But underwater chains are not inferior in number to aboveground ones. It is difficult to determine the height of underwater giants, but it is not difficult to measure the length.

So, the second place in the rating "The longest mountain in the world" is near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge with a total length of 18,000 kilometers. It is located in the center along the contour of the American coast. This formation includes several ridges: Knipovich, Mona, Reykjanes, South and North Atlantic. Individual peaks have been converted to Bermuda, etc.). Among the ranges listed above, there are no particularly high, old or young ones, they are simply the longest mountains on earth after the Cordillera, which is also quite a lot. Go ahead.

Andes

The Andes is the third longest mountain in the world, with a total length of 9,000 kilometers. With its wide front, the Andes are directed to and in the north they go to the Caribbean Sea. The eastern part of the border leads to the Andean ranges. By the way, ridges of different ages are located along the entire length of the mountain system. Mountain-building movements continue even now, accompanied by earthquakes and volcanic processes.

The Andes are characterized by high mountain relief, which determines a noticeable altitudinal zonality and the formation of significant glaciation. The huge extent of the mountain system determines the difference in moisture and heat supply of its individual parts. Despite the fact that the subcontinent has a mountainous character, its territory has long been densely populated. The Andean peoples mastered the high plains, intermountain valleys and basins within the mountain system and adapted to life in such conditions. The Andes are home to the highest mountain villages, cities and cultivated lands. There are six physical-geographical units within the mountains. But in this article we will talk about only two: the Central Andes and Tierra del Fuego.

Central Andes

The largest part of the mountain system. Within its boundaries are the mountain ranges of Argentina, Chile, Bolivia and Peru. The orotectonic structure is characterized by the presence of high plateaus and plateaus - "Pun" (or "Altiplano" in Bolivia). The rigid median massif, within which these plains were formed, is divided into several blocks. This is clearly seen from the cracks that appeared due to the rise of magma and the outpouring of lavas. As a result, there is a combination of accumulative plains in the lowlands of the relief, peneplain areas and lava plateaus. As for the climate, the Central Andes are quite arid.

Tierra del Fuego

The archipelago includes several dozen islands of various sizes. The largest of them, occupying two-thirds of the total territory, is about. The islands belong to Argentina and Chile. The western part of Tierra del Fuego continues the Andes mountain system and is strongly dissected. Mountain ranges (1000-1300 meters) are separated by intermountain valleys, and some are flooded with ocean waters - straits, fjords. The highest point (2469 meters) is located on the Big Island. The ancient glacial relief prevails. There are a lot of lakes dammed by moraines.

Moderate prevails over most of the archipelago. In the western part, heavy precipitation (drizzling rain) up to 3000 mm falls throughout the year. In the east, precipitation is less - up to 500 mm. Summers are cool, and winters are relatively warm (1-5°C). Tourists who have been to Tierra del Fuego say that the summer there is like in the tundra, and the winter is similar to the subtropics (in terms of temperatures). With the rise in the mountains, the temperature drops sharply and already at around 500 meters it reaches a negative value.

In Antarctica, there are not only ice, snow and penguins, but also mountains. And quite long ones. The whole of Antarctica is crossed by a huge ridge, dividing it into Western and Eastern. This last place in the ranking of "The Longest Mountain in the World" stretches for 3,500 kilometers. The ridge was discovered back in 1908 by Captain Ross. In subsequent years, it was repeatedly crossed by research expeditions, but most of it still remains unexplored. Fortunately, now there is satellite imagery, which allows, if not to feel the ridge, then at least to look at it.

A mountain is a convex landform with a well-defined peak, base and slopes, rising above the surrounding area to a height of more than 200 m.

First, consider the longest mountains in the world!

In Russia, the longest are Ural mountains. They are like a belt, stretching from north to south of our country for more than 2000 km. The highest point of the Urals is Mount Narodnaya (1894 m).

Let's make an interesting virtual journey across all six continents in search of the highest mountain peaks of the planet.

2. Mount Aconcagua. It is the highest mountain peak in the South American Andes. The height of Aconcagua is 6962 m. Also, this mountain is the highest extinct volcano on our planet. The fog you see below in the photo is actually a giant snow swirl.

3. In third place is Mount McKinley which is located in North America. The height of this mountain giant, which is included in the list of the highest mountains on the planet, is 6194 m.

4. The next snowy mountain peak is located in sultry Africa. kilimanjaro rises to 5895 m above sea level, being the highest point of the African continent. This is the highest mountain in Africa. Climbing this mountain you can see really fantastic and contrasting landscapes. Unfortunately, due to global warming, the snow cap of the mountain is rapidly melting.

5. Between the Black and Caspian Seas on the southern borders of Russia are the majestic Caucasus Mountains - these are the highest mountains of our country. The highest peak - Mount Elbrus (5642 m), is the highest mountain in Russia. It is the cone of an extinct volcano and at its highest point it has a height of 6642 m.

6. Encased in ice armor, Antarctica also has its mountain giants. Vinson Massif, which was discovered in the middle of the last century, rises to a height of 4892 m.

7. The highest point in Australia and Oceania, which is located on the island of New Guinea, completes the list of the highest mountains on the planet - Mount Punchak Jaya (5030 m). On the spurs of this mountain are the world's largest copper and gold mines.

The length of the Andes - 9000 km

Andes or Andean Cordillera, in the language of the Incas - copper mountains. They form the longest mountain range in the world. Their length is 9000 km - from the Caribbean Sea to Tierra del Fuego. The highest mountain of this mountain range is Akonkagau (6962 m). There are places where the Andes are 500 km wide, and the maximum width of the longest mountains in the world is 750 km (Central Andes, Andean Highlands). Most of the Andes is occupied by the Puna plateau. There is a very high snow line here, which reaches 6500 m, and the average height of the mountains is 4000 m.

The Andes are relatively young mountains, the process of mountain building ended many millions of years ago. The origin began in the Precambrian and Paleozoic periods. Then, on the site of the boundless ocean, land areas were just beginning to emerge. Throughout the time, the area where the current Andes are located was either sea or land.

Andean education

The formation of the mountain range ended with the uplift of rocks, as a result of which huge folds of stone moved to a very high height. This process continues to this day. The Andes have volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.

The longest mountains in the world are also the largest inter-oceanic divide. The Andes originate the Amazon and its tributaries, as well as tributaries of other major rivers of South America - Paraguay, Orinoco, Parana. The Andes serve as a climatic barrier for the mainland, that is, they isolate the land from the influence of the Atlantic Ocean from the west, and from the Pacific Ocean from the east.

Climate and relief of the Andes

The Andes lie in 6 climatic zones: northern and southern subequatorial, southern tropical, equatorial, subtropical temperate. On the western slopes of the mountains, up to 10 thousand millimeters of precipitation falls annually. As a result of the length, the landscape parts differ significantly from each other.

According to the relief, the Andes are divided into three regions: central, northern, southern. The Caribbean Andes and the Ecuadorian Andes, the Northwestern Andes belong to the Northern Andes. The main Cordilleras are separated by depressions of the valleys of the Magdalena and Cauca rivers. There are many volcanoes in this valley. These are Huila - 5750 m, Ruiz - 5400 m, and the current Cumbal - 4890 m.

Volcanoes of the Andes

The Ecuadorian Andes include a high volcanic chain with the highest volcanoes Chimborazo - 6267 m and Cotopaxi - 58967 m. They stretch through seven states of South America: Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, Argentina, Chile. The Central Andes include the Peruvian Andes. The highest point is Mount Huascaran - 6768.

The title of the longest mountains was earned by the mountains called ANDES(America). These mountains extend as far as 9,000 kilometers. Such a length of this mountain system also affects its characteristics, in each of its parts, and there are three of them: the northern part, the central and southern - the Andes have some natural features (climate, vegetation, wildlife). And thanks to their unprecedented length, the mountains capture the territories of seven countries. These are Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina - all these countries are located in South America.

I propose to evaluate the beauty of these mountains in the photo below (read a little about them, it’s good to see):





The longest mountains in the world, which are located on the territory of the seven states of South America Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina are mountains Andes(their length is 9000 km).

Due to climatic differences and high altitudes, in these mountains there is a very diverse soil and vegetation cover (cacao tree and Antarctic beech grow here) and wildlife (you can see a monkey and a Chilean deer).

If we talk about the longest mountains on land, then this is really the Andes. But if you are responsible for the whole world, then the longest mountains on Earth are the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Its length is more than 18 thousand kilometers. Even if you divide it into the Southern and Northern parts, then the length of the South - 10.5 thousand kilometers will exceed the length of the Andes.

If we are talking about length, then it is worth answering that such a mountain system as the Andes has the greatest length. The length of these mountains is approximately as much as nine thousand kilometers, which is very impressive. But as for the width, then the dimensions are on average 750 kilometers.

I remember from geography lessons that the Andes are the longest mountains in the world. They stretch for 9000 km. They originate from the Caribbean Sea and stretch to Tierra del Fuego. Moreover, these mountains are still a watershed. After all, this is where the Amazon River originates.

Perhaps, indeed, the longest mountains in the world are the Andes. Fascinating beautiful mountain landscapes, from which it is impossible to break away. The long mountain is about 9 thousand km long, they stretch through 7 states of South America.



• The longest mountains in the world

  The longest mountain in the world is the mountain system Andes. The Andes are located in South America. The length of this system of mountains is 9 thousand kilometers, and the width is about 750 kilometers. The Andes are extended almost to the entire mainland. Their formation began about 200 million years ago, and the process of mountain building continues to this day.

The longest mountains in the world can and should, no doubt, be called the Andes. This mountain range runs through the territories of seven countries of the South American continent, has a length of approximately 9,000 kilometers. Andes with new mountains, despite the fact that they completed their formation several million years ago.

The longest mountains in the world are, of course, the Andes, which are located on the territory of America. Their total length is more than nine thousand kilometers, the width of which reaches more than five thousand kilometers.

The very duration of this rocky area, as it were, holds together seven different states, these are:

Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru, Chile, Argentina and Bolivia are all in South America.



In the nomination of the longest mountains in the world, the only winner of this title is the American Andes Mountains. Their length, neither more nor less, is more than nine thousand kilometers. In places, these mountains reach more than 5,000 kilometers in width.

Such a length of mountainous terrain embraced and united the territories of several countries, the mountain slope has its own climate and its own nature. Of course, the beauty is indescribable and the rich fauna make these mountains the property of all mankind.

Of course, you can talk about this for a long time, but it's better to see (though not live) everything yourself. More information can be read.

Bay. Features of the GP of South America. What are the origins of the islands? The relationship between the history of the development of the mainland and the outlines of the coastline. Types of learning activities in the classroom. Who owns the discovery of the mainland. Football players Maradona and Pele. Cold flow. The widest strait on earth. Geographic location of the mainland. Wealth of nature. Features of the geographical location. Problem learning.

"History of South America" ​​- Climate. Tourism. Geology. Patus. Geographic research. Paraguay. political division. South Georgia. Part of South America. Lakes. Amazon. Black river. Patagonia. Temperature fluctuation. Flat East. Mountain West. climatic zones. Maracaibo. Sea route to India. Temperature. El Nino. Spanish expeditions. Parana. Rivers. Southern continent in America. Desert on the west coast of South America.

"Questions on South America" ​​- Mainland. South America. Population density. Who discovered America. Name the most dangerous fish. Argentine tea. cultivated plants. Ancient civilizations of South America. Amazon. Name the highest point in the Andes. Mountain West. Andes. The difference between the change of natural zones on the plains and in the mountains. One of the most unusual and paradoxical dry zones of the globe. Copper mountains. Lama. Timeline. Selva. Terms.

"Characteristics of South America" ​​- The geographical location and history of the study of the mainland South America. Russian botanist. Geographic location of South America. climatic zones. Researchers. Location of South America. History of the study of South America. Travelers. Alexander Humboldt. Galinas. Present. Caribbean Sea. Geographical position. History of the Discovery of America. History of exploration of South America.

""South America" ​​game" - The largest city in Brazil by population. Geographical position. Rivers and lakes. countries and peoples. Toucan, howler condor, macaw, llama armadillo, sloth. Animals and birds. The largest pitcher. Extreme northern point. Coniferous tree of the Brazilian plateau. An island in the Pacific Ocean named after the protagonist of the novel by Daniel Defoe. Bay in the north, turned into a lake. Islands located on the equator.

"Journey through South America" ​​- The highest point in South America. The longest mountains in the world. South America. Navigator. Why was the New Part of the World called America. Musical pause. My own game. The slowest animal. Competition stages. Satellite view. Russian botanist. Tell me about the plant. Geographical position. Journey through South America. Indigenous people of South America. Warm-up Call me. Getting to know the teams The largest snake in the world.