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In the eastern part of Africa is located the magnificent exotic country of Tanzania. She became famous throughout the world thanks to her beautiful and amazing images. In this tropical corner of Africa you can relax with all your heart, get acquainted with all the representatives of the continent's fauna and have a wonderful time basking in the sun. Tourists with children also love Tanzania, because children in the country really have something to see and learn. Traveling to Tanzania will be one of your best decisions, it will bring many good memories and amazing moments. We will introduce you to this beautiful country and tell you everything an inexperienced tourist needs to know.

Tourism in Tanzania is one of the important areas that brings a lot of income to the country. More than 100 thousand holidaymakers visit the country during peak season. The largest tourist centers in Tanzania have long been, and. The capital of Tanzania is, and it has become the largest city and at the same time the main political center. At the moment, the country is recognized throughout the world as independent and has a presidential form of government. All nationally important issues are dealt with by the cabinet of ministers, the vice president, the deputy president and, naturally, the president himself.

Where is Tanzania?

Tanzania is located in eastern Africa. It borders on a large number of countries: Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique. On the eastern side the country is washed by the Indian Ocean. Accessible access to the ocean helps the country boost its economy through fishing and exports from local ports. Tanzania includes a large archipelago. It includes many small uninhabited islands and three large ones: Zanzibar, Pemba and Mafia. This archipelago is autonomous.

Population and currency

The country's territory is divided into 30 regions, which have their own administrative centers. The population of Tanzania is more than 50 million people. A large number of people live in the villages of the country, and large cities are populated mainly by tourists. Unfortunately, in Tanzania the average age of life is 58 years. 44% of the population are residents who are between 14 and 17 years old. Such data indicate a low growth rate (only 2%) and high mortality in the country. Families in Tanzania have many children; currently, on average, each family has 4 children.

Tanzania's official currency is the Tanzanian shilling, and many restaurants, hotels and shops in the country accept US dollars as payment. 1 Tanzanian shilling is equivalent to 2.2 dollars. It is better to exchange currencies immediately upon arrival in the country. An amazing feature when exchanging is that banknotes of 50 and 100 dollars can be exchanged almost everywhere, but not every exchange office is ready to accept smaller bills.

Religion and language

Tanzania is home to about 120 types of ethnic groups, most of the inhabitants belong to the Bantu group of people. The main religion in Tanzania is Christianity. More than half of the population professes it. 30% of the inhabitants are Muslim, most of whom live in . 12% are Buddhists and Hindus. Often scandals and rallies arise due to religious disputes in Tanzania, so we advise tourists to carefully choose a city for their holiday, based on the local religion.

In addition to hotels, in Tanzania you can find lodges for your holidays, but, as a rule, their rental price is much higher than the daily cost of a hotel room. You can find a good camping option anywhere in the country. This type of stopover in the country is not particularly expensive.

Transport in Tanzania

Let's talk about one of the important points of your trip - transport in Tanzania. It can be noted that air transportation within the country is very well established, that is, getting from one end of the Republic to the other is not a problematic issue. In the situation with trains, the opposite is true. There are only two railway lines in the country with the routes Dar es Salaam - and Tanzania - Zambia. Ferries and boats ply between the islands of the archipelago.

In the cities of Tanzania themselves there are public buses and private taxis. Intercity routes are also served by public transport, but there is not much of it. Many tourists who come to Tanzania prefer to rent a car or bicycle, because the price for this service is relatively low.

Safety in Tanzania

Tanzania can hardly be called a safe country, and if you follow the basic recommendations, you can spend an unforgettable vacation there without any unpleasant incidents. A week before flying into the country, you will need to be vaccinated against yellow fever and Ebola disease. To protect yourself from malaria, purchase special medications and start taking them at least three days before departure.

While in the country, you should not carry large sums of money, gold or documents with you. Although the locals are smiling and friendly, there are a large number of street thieves among them. And you shouldn’t leave valuables in hotel rooms; it’s better to place them in the hotel safe before your trip. Always take copies of documents with you, because an identity check by the local police can catch you at any moment. If you do not show law enforcement agencies at least copies of your documents, you may be detained for several days until a full identity check is completed.

While in the country, try to walk along crowded streets. It is better to avoid dubious nooks and streets or cross them very quickly. Be extremely careful at night. A drunken tourist walking the streets of Tanzania at night is considered a “goldfish” for local thieves. Therefore, after dark it is safer to spend time on the hotel premises or take a taxi.

Another danger in the country is E. coli. Indeed, even in the largest cities in Tanzania there is a lack of compliance with sanitary standards, so it is strictly forbidden to drink tap water. When purchasing it, immediately check how it is sealed. In order to brush your teeth or wash the dishes, you should first boil the water or buy special tablets at the pharmacy.

How to get to Tanzania?

It is impossible to fly directly to Tanzania from Russian countries. But it is much easier for residents of Ukraine or Europe to get here. You can fly direct from Kyiv using the KLM route. In Europe, there are frequent flights to Tanzania from Amsterdam. Residents of Russia can make a transfer in Cairo, Dubai or London, and from the listed cities take a direct flight to the airport in Tanzania. By the way, before flying into the country you will have to pay an airline fee of $20.

The question is resolved very simply. You can submit an application with the relevant documents to the country's consulate and obtain a visitor visa for 90 days. A more simplified option would be to purchase a visa upon entering the country. Its duration reaches 25 days.

Tanzania on a map of Africa
(all pictures are clickable)

Tanzania is surrounded by eight African states, including tiny Burundi, Rwanda, as well as Malawi, Uganda, and Zambia. The largest “neighbor” is the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the country’s longest land borders are with Mozambique (in the south) and Kenya (in the north). The eastern borders are washed by the Indian Ocean.

Geographical position

The total area of ​​Tanzania is 945.2 thousand km². The center occupies a vast plateau, and mountain ranges stretch in the north. This is where Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain and also a potentially active volcano, is located. Along the sea coast there is a strip of low-lying plains.

Six rivers flow through the country, and there are also several large lakes - Tanganyika, Nyasa, Victoria. The state owns a number of islands, including Zanzibar, which became part of Tanzania in 1964.

In general, the climate of Tanzania is subequatorial. This state (like many other African countries) is in the zone of eternal summer. There are no distinct seasons, periods of drought are followed by rainy seasons - in the north they occur twice, in spring and autumn. In the southern part of the country, humidity is high throughout the winter, sometimes until the end of April.

Distance from the sea significantly affects the temperature. Closer to the mountains it stays around +20 - +23 °C, in coastal areas it is on average five degrees warmer. On the islands the thermometer shows about +30 - +32 °C, but the local heat is easily tolerated thanks to the constant ocean breeze.

Flora and fauna

Tropical forests, which once covered vast areas of the country, are preserved only on the slopes of the mountains. Today the predominant type of vegetation is savanna.

Tanzania has preserved its original flora and fauna thanks to a huge number of national parks. Fabulous East Africa, about which fascinating documentaries tell the story, is located right here. Savannas coexist with deciduous forests and mangroves, giving shelter to a huge number of birds, animals and insects.

Traveling around Tanzania, you can see elephants and giraffes, rare black rhinoceroses, and amazing colorful colobus monkeys. Here you can find lions and cheetahs, ostriches and zebras, near the reservoirs there are hippos and crocodiles, and dolphins frolic in the sea waves. Among such splendor there are very dangerous creatures, in particular the tsetse fly and the black mamba.

State structure

Tanzania Map

Tanzania is a United Republic that emerged after the reunification of mainland Tanganyika and the island nation of Zanzibar and Pemba. It is headed by a president, and the main legislative body is the Bunge (unicameral parliament). The legal system was a “legacy” from the British colonialists. The country is divided into thirty regions. The official capital is Dodoma, the most important administrative center is Dar es Salaam.

Population

The population of Tanzania is growing rapidly: at the end of the 20th century, about 30 million people lived on its territory, and in 2014 (according to UN estimates) there were already about 50 million. The birth rate exceeds the death rate three times. Most of the citizens are descendants of indigenous peoples (Bantu); in the island part there are many people from India and Arab regions.

Several languages ​​are spoken in the country, from local African dialects to official English and Swahili. Every second resident considers himself a Christian, a third of the population professes Islam, the rest adhere to traditional pagan beliefs. Sanitary conditions and healthcare are far from world standards, malaria is widespread, and AIDS infection rates are high.

Economy

Tanzania is a poor country with rich resources and excellent prospects. Deposits of nickel, iron ore, tin, and gold were discovered here. Precious stones (including diamonds) are mined. It has its own coal and natural gas reserves. At the same time, the industrial sector is very poorly developed; the country mainly exists thanks to agriculture. Most of the exports are cotton, cashew, coffee and gold. Equipment, fuel and consumer goods are imported. Tourism is actively developing.

Mainland modern Tanzania has always attracted foreigners with its riches - ivory and gold were exported from here. An important source of income was the slave trade.

The Bantu peoples were among the first to populate these territories. Local tribes traded with the countries of North Africa and the East. In the Middle Ages, colonies of Persian merchants appeared here, and later Arabs settled. In the XV-XVIII centuries. The coast of East Africa was captured by the Portuguese.

At the end of the 19th century, the redrawing of the map of African countries began, and a political struggle began over this territory between Germany and Britain, which with the outbreak of the First World War moved into the phase of open armed conflict.

Subsequently, the winners, the British, began to actively create plantation farms in Tanganyika. Zanzibar remained a sultanate. After independence (1961-1963), there was a successful uprising on the islands, the old authorities were overthrown and both halves of the state united.

Attractions

Tanzania is rich in attractions - Dar es Salaam and Stone Tyne are famous for their unusual architecture and national cultural events. The islands are ideal for a beach holiday, while the mainland with its nature reserves provides the best opportunities for ecotourism.

Tanzania photo

TANZANIA

(United Republic of Tanzania)

General information

Geographical position. Tanzania is a country in East Africa. In the north it borders with Kenya and Uganda, in the south with Mozambique, Malawi and Zambia, in the west with the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi and Rwanda. In the east it is washed by the Indian Ocean. Tanzania also owns the islands of Zanzibar (the largest coral island off the coast of Africa) and Pemba.

Square. The territory of Tanzania occupies 945,087 square meters. km.

Main cities, administrative divisions. The capital of Tanzania is Dar es Salaam. Largest cities: Dar es Salaam (1,734 thousand people), Zanzibar (375 thousand people), Mwanza (223 thousand people), Dodoma (204 thousand people), Tanga (188 thousand people .). Administrative division of the country: 25 regions.

Political system

Tanzania is a republic. The head of state is the president, the head of government is the prime minister. The legislative body is the National Assembly. The country is part of the Commonwealth.

Relief. There is a small plain along the coast, but most of the country is occupied by a plateau, the average height of which is about 1,290 m above sea level. Small groups of mountains rise in the northeast and southwest. Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest point in Africa (5,895 m), is located on the northeastern border of the country.

Geological structure and minerals. The country's subsoil contains reserves of tin, iron ore, coal, phosphates, diamonds, and gold.

Climate. Tanzania's climate varies depending on altitude and distance from the coast. On the ocean coast, the climate is warm, tropical, with an average annual temperature of about +27°C. Further inland the climate is hotter and drier. The climate on the islands is mainly tropical, but the heat is reduced by ocean winds. The average annual temperature in Zanzibar is about +27°C, the rainy season lasts from December to May.

Inland waters. Three of the continent's greatest lakes are located on the borders of Tanzania and partly within its borders. Lake Tanganyika is on the western border, Victoria is on the northwestern border, Nyasa (Malawi) is on the southwestern border. Lakes Nyasa and Tanganyika lie within the East African Rift, which stretches from the Middle East to Mozambique.

Soils and vegetation. The most common species in the forests of Tanzania are mahogany and camphor laurel.

Animal world. The country's fauna is represented by antelopes, zebras, elephants, hippos, rhinoceroses, giraffes, lions, leopards, cheetahs, and monkeys. One of the main attractions of the country is the Serengeti National Park, the only one in the world where there is a natural seasonal migration of wild animals.

Population and language

The population of Tanzania is about 30.608 million people, the average population density is about 32 people per 1 sq. km. Ethnic groups: more than 120 groups, the largest of which are the Sukuma and Nyamwezi (about 20% of the country's population each), as well as the Haya, Ngonde, Chagga, Gogo, Ha, Hehe, Ngoni, Yao, Maasai; Pakistanis, Indians, Europeans. Languages: Swahili, English (both official), about 100 local dialects.

Religion

Muslims, Christians (mostly Catholics), pagans (groups distributed approximately equally).

Brief historical sketch

Tanzania was created in 1964 as a federation of two states: Zanzibar and Tanganyika. The history of these two regions is significantly different. Zanzibar and other islands off the east coast of Africa back in the 8th century. became a base for Arabs trading with the mainland. They were called the Land of Zenj. Over time, Zanzibar became an independent sultanate. In the 16th and 17th centuries. he was under the influence of the Portuguese, and in the 18th century. came under the influence of the Sultans of Oman and Muscat. In 1832, the Sultan of Oman, Sayyid Said, moved his residence to Zanzibar. The territory of Zanzibar and the surrounding mainland was a commercial rather than a territorial empire.

At the end of the 19th century. As a result of a dispute between Germany and Great Britain, Zanzibar was declared a British protectorate (1890). Zanzibar had partial self-government and gained independence in December 1963. A few weeks later, a bloody coup took place in the country, bringing the regime of Sheikh Abeid Amani Karume to power. Tanganyika, inhabited by numerous Bantu ethnic groups, came under German rule in 1886 after a series of negotiations between European powers, which, hoping to turn the territory into profitable coffee and tea plantations, invested large sums in the region. In 1918, after the defeat of Germany, Great Britain received a mandate to govern Tanganyika. In December 1961, Tanganyika gained independence. In April 1964, Zanzibar and Tanganyika united into a federation. However, the political systems remained different on the mainland and on the island. Only in 1977 there was a real rapprochement between the two parts of the federation.

Brief Economic Sketch

Tanzania is an agricultural country. Main crops: coffee, cotton, sisal, cloves. Animal husbandry. Fishing. Harvesting valuable wood. Mining of diamonds, phosphates, gold, etc. Processing of agricultural raw materials. Oil refining, chemical, cement, woodworking, metalworking enterprises. Exports: coffee, cotton, spices, cashew nuts, sisal, tobacco, tea, diamonds, etc.

The currency is the Tanzanian shilling.

Brief sketch of culture

Art and architecture. Dar es Salaam. National Museum with a rich collection of historical, ethnographic and archaeological exhibits. Zanzibar. Zanzibar State Museum. Tanga. The picturesque caves of Amboni and the ruins of an Iranian fortress of the 16th century.

Tanzania on the world map

The country's equatorial monsoon climate is characterized by high temperatures throughout the year. In winter - within 22 °C, in the mountains 12-20 °C. Summer temperatures in the south are 25 °C, in the north 27 °C. In the mountainous regions and in the southeast of the country, features of a subequatorial and tropical climate appear, with more pronounced seasons. In terms of precipitation, the central part (up to 1000 mm per year) differs from the African Great Lakes region. Near Lake Victoria there is insufficient precipitation and there is no wet season. The more humid region is the northeast of the country (1400 - 2000 mm per year).
Tanzania's river network is represented by the rivers of the Indian Ocean basin. The largest river systems include the Kagera and Mara, which flow into Lake Victoria. The Mara flows on the border of Kenya and Tanzania and enters the Serengeti nature reserve. One of the longest rivers in Tanzania, the Ruvuma (1600 km) flows into the Indian Ocean. The country's western border lies within the oldest fault in the earth's crust, which gave rise to the deep African lakes Tanganyika and Nyasa. Here is also the basin of the mainland’s largest natural reservoir – Lake Victoria.

Map of Tanzania in Russian

About a third of Tanzania's territory is occupied by dry deciduous miombo forests. At the foot of the East African plateau grow evergreen equatorial forests, where mahogany and camphor laurel are found. As you ascend into the mountains, they give way to savannas and open forests; even higher up, tropical steppes dominate. The coastal plains are home to national park savannas and grasslands, while the river mouths are abundant with mangroves.
Wet forests are the usual habitats of gorillas, chimpanzees, dog-headed baboons and other primates. In the vastness of the savannas one can find: antelopes, zebras, elephants, hippos, rhinoceroses, giraffes, lions, leopards and cheetahs. Along the rivers there are hippos and crocodiles. The world of birds and reptiles is rich and diverse. The tsetse fly is found in the interior of the country.

Tanzania is one of the most interesting regions of Africa for tourists. National parks attract travelers - Serengeti, Kilimanjaro and others. There are beautiful mountain-volcanic landscapes, vast savannah plateaus, diverse wildlife, a picturesque sea coast and islands. To this we can add the unique culture of the local tribes, which contribute to creating an attractive image of the country for guests.
The attractions of Tanzania include the monuments of Dar es Salaam - the Clock Tower, the Anglican Church and other places of worship. Also of interest are the collections of the National Museum and the Botanical Gardens. Favorite places to visit include the city's noisy and lively markets. The capital of Dodoma cannot yet boast of a large number of attractions, perhaps only interesting natural areas in the area. Zanzibar - the “island reserve” and the surrounding islands are considered one of the main attractions. These are regional diving and snorkeling centers. Photo materials used from Wikimedia © Foto, Wikimedia Commons

Useful information for tourists about Tanzania, cities and resorts of the country. As well as information about the population, currency of Tanzania, cuisine, features of visa and customs restrictions in Tanzania.

Geography of Tanzania

The United Republic of Tanzania is a country on the east coast of Africa. It is bordered to the north by Kenya and Uganda, to the west by Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and to the south by Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique. The eastern border is the Indian Ocean.
Tanzania has two capitals: the administrative center is the historical capital of Dar es Salaam, and the legislative capital is Dodoma, where the government moved the main bodies in the 1970s.

Most of the country is occupied by vast plateaus. The coastal lowland stretches along the coast of the Indian Ocean. The country's territory includes part of Africa's largest lakes - Lake Victoria in the north, Lake Tanganyika in the west, and Lake Nyasa in the south of Tanzania. The highest mountain in Africa, Kilimanjaro (5895 m), is located in Tanzania.

State

State structure

Tanzania is a presidential republic. The head of state and head of government is the president. Parliament is a unicameral State Assembly (Bunge).

Language

Official language: Swahili, English

Arabic is spoken in Zanzibar, and on the mainland there are many local Bantu languages.

Religion

Religions: in the mainland - Christians 30%, Muslims 35%, aboriginal cults 35%; in Zanzibar - more than 99% Muslims.

Currency

International name: TZS

The Tanzanian shilling is equal to 100 cents. Banknotes in denominations of 500, 1000, 2000, 5000 and 10,000 Tanzanian shillings and coins in denominations of 5, 10, 20 and 50 cents, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 Tanzanian shillings are officially in circulation. In fact, coins with a face value of less than 50 shillings went out of circulation.

Currency can be exchanged at banks and exchange offices. The exchange receipt must be kept until departure from the country. Changing money from street money changers is not prohibited, but in this case the risk of facing fraud is extremely high.

Credit cards have limited circulation. Typically only large banks, supermarkets (especially in port areas) and some travel agencies accept them. In the provinces, paying with a credit card is much more difficult. For the service of withdrawing money from a credit card, some provincial banks charge a commission of 6-8% of the amount.

Travel checks can be cashed at registered dealers, banks or exchange offices. A passport is required to cash out. Often checks are very carefully checked for authenticity, which takes a lot of time.

Popular attractions

Tourism in Tanzania

Office hours

Banks are open from Monday to Friday from 08.30 to 12.30-16.00, and from 08.30 to 13.00 on Saturday.

Purchases

VAT (Value Added Tax) on all goods and services is 20% and is included in the price.

Shops are usually open from Monday to Friday from 08.30 to 12.00, and from 14.00 to 18.00, on Saturday - 08.30 to 12.30. Some shops are also open on Sunday. During Ramadan, many restaurants and shops are closed during the day, and restrictions on smoking and drinking may be in place.

Souvenirs

The country produces unique Tanzanian green tourmalines, sapphires, garnets, rubies, emeralds and diamonds, as well as the mineral tanzanite, found exclusively in Tanzania in the volcanic deposits of Mount Kilimanjaro. All this splendor of gifts from the bowels of the earth can be purchased at markets and in private jewelry stores.

Medicine

Immunization against tetanus and hepatitis A is recommended. Epidemic outbreaks of meningococcal meningitis, typhus, malaria and plague are occasionally recorded. In rural areas, cases of African fever infection occur. When swimming in fresh water there is a high risk of contracting schistomatosis. Vaccinations against yellow fever, typhoid, cholera and malaria prevention are recommended.

Sleeping sickness, which is spread by the tsetse fly, is quite common in forested areas of the country. Also of great concern to the international community is the rapid spread of HIV and AIDS in Tanzania.

All water should be assessed as potentially contaminated.

Safety

You should not display expensive photographic and video equipment, valuables or documents. It is not recommended to walk alone on the streets at night. You should not leave things unattended. You should always carry a photocopy of your passport with you, and keep your passport, money and air ticket in a safe place (hotel safe).

Foreigners are the object of constant and overly intrusive attention. You should not give in to offers from local residents to help in any way. This usually ends in problems.

Emergency numbers

The single emergency phone number is 112/999.

Photo and video shooting

It is not recommended to photograph local residents without their permission and to visit the homes of local residents on your own (without a guide or travel agency representative). In some places you need to pay for photography, but this should not be done everywhere and always - many aborigines try to beg money in this way.

Questions and feedback about Tanzania

Zanzibar - Questions and Answers