Abrau Abrau is a lake in the southern part of the Krasnodar Territory, 14 km from the Black Sea port of Novorossiysk. Abrau, the village is part of the village of Abrau Durso. Abrau Durso is a village in the Krasnodar Territory, 14 km from Novorossiysk, known for its ... ... Wikipedia

The village of Abrau Durso Country Russia Russia ... Wikipedia

Abrau: Abrau is a lake in the southern part of the Krasnodar Territory, 14 km from the Black Sea port of Novorossiysk. Abrau, the village is part of the village of Abrau Durso. Abrau Durso is a village in the Krasnodar Territory, 14 km from Novorossiysk, known for its ... Wikipedia

Abrau- a lake in the Krasnodar Territory, located 26 kilometers northwest of the city of Novorossiysk. The same name is given to the river flowing into the lake and the village on its shore. The lake is located at an altitude of 84 meters above sea level, the area of ​​​​its mirror is 190 ... ... Toponymic Dictionary of the Caucasus

This term has other meanings, see Novorossiysk (meanings). The city of Novorossiysk Flag Coat of arms ... Wikipedia

Coordinates: 44°42′ s. sh. 37°35′ E  / 44.7° N sh. 37.591667° E etc. ... Wikipedia

- (Resorts of Kuban) a Russian brand used to promote recreation on the Azov and Black Sea coasts of the Krasnodar Territory. Within its framework, resort towns and recreational areas are being promoted at the Russian and international level ... ... Wikipedia

I is the newest of the administrative divisions of Russia, occupies the western part of the Caucasus region and stretches in a long and relatively narrow strip along the eastern coast of the Black Sea, occupying the space between it and the main Caucasian ridge. Although Ch. ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

Resorts of the Krasnodar Territory (Kuban Resorts) is a Russian brand used to promote recreation on the Azov and Black Sea coasts of the Krasnodar Territory. Within its framework, resort towns and ... ... Wikipedia are being promoted at the Russian and international level

Resorts of the Kuban Resorts of the Krasnodar Territory (Resorts of Kuban) is a Russian brand used to promote recreation on the Azov and Black Sea coasts of the Krasnodar Territory. Within its framework, they are moving forward at the Russian and international level ... ... Wikipedia

Books

• Informal guide to the Kuban. Between two seas, Korotchenko Oksana, Ganul Elena Alexandrovna. You can’t go to Egypt, you can’t go to Turkey, but you can go to the Krasnodar Territory! A new informal guide for those who are tired of the usual vacation and who are looking for new sensations! Anapa, Gelendzhik, Krasnodar,…

Lake Abrau is located near the village of Abrau-Dyurso, about 14 km from Novorossiysk. The freshwater lake is considered the largest body of water in the Krasnodar Territory. Along with the Abrau-Dyurso champagne factory, the picturesque emerald-blue lake attracts many travelers to the village.

Lake Features

The lake is about 3 km long and about 600 meters wide. The depth of Abrau reaches 11 meters, recently it has become very shallow - earlier this figure was 3 times more. The reservoir is surrounded by marvelous beauty of nature - mountains and forests.

Nearby there is an equipped embankment, along which you can walk to the observation decks. Vacationers love to take photos near Lake Abrau, because amazing pictures are obtained here. Many tourists in their reviews note the indescribable color of the water, the beauty of the park surrounding the lake.

Abrau is translated from Turkic as a collapse. There is no consensus among scientists about the origin of the lake. Some believe that it was formed as a result of a rock collapse that blocked the Abrau River. Others are sure that the lake owes its appearance to the displacement of the earth's crust - the supposedly shifting mountains blocked the mouth of the river, as a result of which the lake was formed.

Housing

There are many options for accommodation near the lake. For lovers of comfortable conditions, hotels that provide a high level of service are suitable. More budget options can be found in hotels, it is also worth considering the option of living in the private sector. Not far from the lake there are paid campsites for lovers of outdoor recreation with amenities.

Rest on the lake Abrau-Dyurso

Locals and tourists love to relax on the lake, located in such a picturesque place. There are conditions for beach recreation and fishing. Fans of hiking will be pleased to relax in a well-kept park with landscape compositions and interesting art objects. It's great to walk through the forest, admiring nature and breathing in the fresh air.

Beaches

Swimming in the lake is a great pleasure. Water on the hottest days can warm up to +28°C. The shore of the lake has a pebbly coating, the water is not very transparent, but this is not due to pollution, but to the presence of dissolved limestone here. The water in the lake is quite clean.

One of the most popular resting places is located near the wooden pier, which is used to enter the water. It is located next to one of the hotels on Promyshlennaya Street. Another convenient place for a beach holiday is a segment on the way between the village and the Limanchik beach, located between the Maly Liman lake and the Black Sea.

Some travelers come to Abrau for a few days and live in tents, enjoying a “wild” vacation away from the hustle and bustle.

Water activities

You can appreciate the beauty of the lake and its surroundings from the very reservoir, riding on water transport. The reservoir is a natural monument, in connection with this it is forbidden to use motor boats on the water. However, you can enjoy water walks by renting a boat or a catamaran.

Fountains

In summer, in the evenings, a colorful performance begins on the lake - a show of singing fountains. They are located on the lake itself, not far from the shore. The laser show is accompanied by music - from classical compositions to modern hits. You can watch this fascinating spectacle both from the shore and from rented boats and catamarans.

Fishing

The lake attracts lovers of fishing. In the pond live: carp, minnow, silver carp, bream, crucian carp. Along the coast you can find crayfish. They fish both from the shore and from rowing boats.

Legend

There are many beautiful legends about the origin of the lake. According to one of them, many years ago on the site of the lake there was a flat area inhabited by Circassians. The richest resident had a beautiful, kind and hardworking daughter, even the birds heard her singing. One day, while working in the field, she heard the enchanting melody of a flute. Moving towards the sound, she came to the musician, who turned out to be a poor shepherd. Young people fell in love with each other at first sight, but the girl's parents were against an unequal marriage - they did not want such a groom for their beloved daughter.

Her father locked her up, thinking that she would come to her senses in time. Once, during a noisy holiday, she still managed to escape. The rich people were so dispersed at the celebration that they began to pour wine and throw bread into it in front of the eyes of poor residents, thus demonstrating their wealth. By this they aroused the wrath of the god, who made the village collapse, and a lake appeared in its place.

When she returned, the girl saw a lake instead of an aul and realized that her parents and friends were no more. She burst into tears, which turned into a stream called Tears of the Circassian. In desperation, she even wanted to drown herself in the lake, but it picked her up and carried her over the surface of the water to the other side. There she met her lover, who was able to save her from despair. They say that until now at night on the lake in a certain place you can see a strange flicker, supposedly these are the traces of a girl who walked along the waves.

Enough has been written about him in local lore literature. It is worth noting that this is the largest freshwater lake in the Krasnodar Territory. In size, it exceeds the famous Ritsu.

Its length is over 2600 m, maximum width is 600 m, area is 1.6 km2. The lake is fraught with mysteries related to the origin. Some scientists suggest that the basin was formed as a result of a karst failure, others that the lake is a remnant of the ancient Cimmerian freshwater basin, and others attribute this to huge landslides.

The glory of the Abrau peninsula is given not only by the lake, but also by the famous museum of Taman wines. Dozens of sightseeing buses rush here every day to get acquainted with the history of the winery, to taste the divine drink.

Description from the book "Guide to the Kuban" by A. Samoylenko.

The mysterious Lake Abrau is located 14 km west of Novorossiysk, on the mountainous peninsula of Abrau.

A regular bus on the route Novorossiysk - Abrau-Durso winds between the hills as if in a green labyrinth. Sometimes villages flash by. Suddenly, below, in a mountain hollow, a patch of emerald water surface appears from behind the trees next to the white stone buildings. A few more turns of the winding descent, and the bus stops at the central estate of the state farm-factory Abrau-Dyurso, almost next to the lake. If you compare Lake Abrau with the famous Lake Ritsa, you can see a lot in common: a mountainous landscape, approximately the same length (about 3 km) and the greatest width (up to 800 m). The area of ​​Lake Abrau is 180, Ritsa - 132 hectares. In the greenish mirror of the water, the wooded mountains are majestically reflected here and there.

But the difference is immediately felt in the relief, climate, vegetation, in the entire natural complex, associated with the height of the mountains and the different position of the lakes above sea level (Ritsa - 950, Abrau - 84 m). The tops of the mountains around Lake Abrau are lower and more rounded, without sharp peaks, and the slopes are flat. Spots of eternal snow do not sparkle on them, pointed firs do not bristle, but a broad-leaved forest reigns supreme with curly crowns of oaks, maples and lindens. And the whole landscape looks calmer, softer. Both the climate and the water here are incomparably warmer, so there are many swimmers on the lake in the summer season.

From a hydrological point of view, the main difference between these two reservoirs is that the Ritsa is flowing, while Lake Abrau is drainless. A small river Abrau flows into it, a number of springs and temporary streams that collect precipitation water from an area of ​​​​about 20 km2, and there is no surface runoff from the lake. The water entering it is spent mostly for evaporation. This also affects the quality of the water. The lake retains in itself all the substances brought by water, and the process of self-purification of the stagnant pool proceeds slowly. The transparency of the water does not exceed one meter, while in Rida it is 9 times greater.

Meanwhile, Lake Abrau is so far the only source of industrial, agricultural and domestic, including drinking, water supply for the village. It is clear that the protection of the reservoir from pollution is of paramount importance here.

In December 1974, the executive committee of the regional Council of People's Deputies declared Lake Abrau a natural monument. The security certificate was awarded to the Novorossiysk Society of Hunters and Fishermen. The “Guarantee of protection” says that logging in the lake basin is not allowed, except for sanitary felling. It is forbidden to set up tents and parking cars on the shores, and on the lake itself it is not allowed to keep motor boats, except for one service boat. Rangers are constantly on duty on the lake, who monitor the rules of fishing, cleanliness and order on the lake.

The main mystery of Ober Abrau is the origin of his basin. The geographical name of the lake "Abrau" in translation from the Abkhazian means "failure".

Geologists have suggested that the basin was formed as a result of a karst failure. However, acquaintance with the shores of the lake shows that they are composed of Upper Cretaceous flysch. In the cliffs, layers of sandstones, marls, mudstones and clays, crumpled into folds, are exposed. This contradicts the hypothesis of the karst sinkhole origin of the lake. The morphological features of the basin do not agree with this hypothesis either. Karst lakes are usually found in groups. They are characterized by a rounded shape and a funnel-shaped bottom. Lake Abrau has none of these features.

According to another hypothesis, Lake Abrau is a remnant of the Cimmerian freshwater basin that existed on the site of the Black Sea at the end of the Neogene period, more than 1 million years ago. This hypothesis explains well the composition of the fauna of the lake. It is home to carp, carp, rudd, American (largemouth) perch and other modern species of fish. But along with them there are relics, such as herring. Among the bottom inhabitants there are a number of organisms characteristic of estuaries and the Caspian Sea. However, this hypothesis leaves open the question of the origin of the basin.

V. P. Zenkovnch, V. I. Budanov and V. L. Boldyrev, who studied the origin of the relief of the coastal Black Sea zone in the 1950s, came to the conclusion that the defining feature of the coast structure of the Abrau Peninsula is ancient landslides - landslides formed during significantly lower sea level (40-50 meters below modern). When the sea level began to rise at the end of the Neo-Euxinian time, the abrasion sharply increased and the balance of the slopes was disturbed. At the same time, the humid climate contributed to the loosening and sliding of rocks. Huge blocks of flysch with a volume of millions of cubic meters in the form of mountain collapses collapsed along the slopes. Similar phenomena occurred in the river valleys. Lake Abrau is dammed by one of these gigantic landslides that blocked the river valley.

This hypothesis explains well the morphology of the coastal zone of the sea. However, at the site of the alleged collapse that allegedly blocked the Abrau River, there are no high mountains from which such a wide and high blockage could fall.

According to other scientists, the movements of the earth's crust at the turn of the new era shook the Black Sea coast. Before the earthquake, the Abrau River flowed into the sea. As a result of the earthquake, the mountains moved, closed the mouth of the river and created a lake. The presence of several hypotheses for the origin of the lake indicates the complexity and unresolved nature of this issue. Most likely the last two complement each other.

Now about the depth of the lake. Some new guidebooks indicate that its maximum depth reaches 30 m. After making measurements, we did not find a depth of more than 10.5 m. The deepest place is located at the southern end of the lake, where both banks are high and steeply go into the water. Data about 30 meters depth, apparently, migrated to modern guidebooks from the last century. And during this time there was a strong siltation and shallowing of the reservoir.

The silting process proceeds, on the one hand, in a natural way, without human intervention. Each brook that appears after the rain carries its burden of detrital material into the lake. And in rainy years, when the level of the lake is high, steep banks are washed away and landslides break from them. On the other hand, human economic activity also contributes to the rapid silting of the reservoir. During the post-war period, the cultivated lands of the state farm doubled. At the same time, vineyards are processed by machines to a great depth and often along the slope. For these reasons, soil erosion from the slopes has increased. And during the construction of the road around the lake, loose soil was dumped, again down the slope, and a large part of it ended up in the water.

Silting is the most insidious "enemy" that threatens the existence of the lake. To stop this process, some precautionary measures are currently being taken. A sump has been created at the northern end of the lake, at the mouth of the Abrau River. A special dam was built to cut off shallow water from the rest of the lake. The shallow water will be deepened. Here, according to the designers, the turbidity should settle to the bottom, and clean water should flow into the lake through a span in the dam. The shores of the lake are leveled and strengthened with concrete, and the western steep slope, on which vineyards used to be, is terraced under plantations of the Crimean pine. Soil runoff from a terraced forested slope will decrease.

The management of the winery needs to pay attention to the strict implementation of measures for the anti-erosion organization of the territory. From the vineyards located on the slopes of the mountains, such a large amount of silt is now being carried away that the sump cannot keep the lake from silting up.

Tourists associate Abrau-Dyurso in the Krasnodar Territory with the Caucasus Mountains, clean mountain air saturated with the smell of juniper, the beauty of Lake Abrau, Abrau wine cellars and the birthplace of Russian champagne.

The Abrau peninsula has its own characteristics and unique nature. In terms of climatic conditions, this fertile land resembles the French wine-growing zones. Several types of grapes grow in the Abrau-Dyurso region.

Abrau-Durso is the main center of wine tourism in Russia with the purchase and tasting of wine directly at the winery.

History of Abrau-Durso

On November 25, 1870, by order of the Russian Emperor Alexander II, the specific estate of Abrau-Dyurso was laid out for the royal family near the shores of the largest lake in the northwestern Caucasus. Experiments on the cultivation of vines of different varieties began in 1872 under the guidance of the agronomist F. I. Geyduk. The very first grape harvest in Abrau-Dyurso was collected from vineyards in 1877. It became possible to produce vintage table wines. The position of "Chief Winemaker of the Specific Department" in 1891 was taken by Prince Lev Sergeevich Golitsyn, who from 1891 to 1898 was the first in Russia to establish the industrial production of sparkling champagne wines. In 1894, the construction of an underground tunnel-type winery began. From 1890 to 1900, active construction was going on in Abrau-Dyurso: a factory building, 5 cellar tunnels were built and a new highway was laid to Novorossiysk. In 1896, the first experimental batch of champagne called "Abrau-Durso" (13 thousand bottles) was released.

Today, the Abrau-Durso sparkling wine factory is known not only in Russia. The Abrau-Dyurso Champagne House is decorated in a futuristic design: the gray facade at the top is made in the form of champagne bubbles that are illuminated and shimmer at night, and the name of the Abrau-Dyurso plant is lined with champagne bottles. The Winery Museum is located near the plant. The famous sparkling champagne "Abrau-Durso" is the best classic champagne in Russia.

Now travel is in vogue. Tourists come to Abrau-Dyurso on vacation or with an excursion to the Taman wine factory.

The rural district of Abrau-Dyurso is part of the municipality of the city of Novorossiysk (Novorossiysk district) and includes within its borders: the village of Abrau with the state farm-factory "Abrau-Dyurso", the village of Dyurso and Bolshie Khutor.

From Novorossiysk, the highway will take you along the mountain road first to Abrau and then to Dyurso. Together, the villages form the Abrau-Dyurso resort area, which is framed as a farm, where 3,000 people live permanently. The two villages of Abrau and Durso are separated by seven kilometers. Big Farms are located in the mountains north of Abrau-Dyurso.

Abrau village

The village of Abrau (translated as "Failure") is located in the mountains among the green thickets of juniper. There is no Black Sea in the village of Abrau, but there is a wonderful lake Abrau with fresh water. The beaches on Lake Abrau are decorated very beautifully and beckon vacationers to a cool bliss. Abrau usually takes tourists for a few days to explore the sights of the resort or for a one-day excursion to the Abrau-Dyurso state farm-factory with a tasting of Kuban wines. The road winds along the beautiful Embankment near Lake Abrau with snow-white columns.

Sights of the village of Abrau:

• Park with rose gardens on the Embankment of Lake Abrau;
• Monument to Utyosov;
• The sculpture "The Shepherd from Abrau-Dyurso" is the highlight of the Embankment near the lake;
• Shop "Grot";
• Manor "Round Lake";
• Boutique hotel "Imperial" 4 *.

The Art Objects Park in Abrau-Dyurso is often visited by tourists and locals. A huge wine barrel, a labyrinth of barrels, an arbor of Desires - these are the main artifacts of this "cool" place.

The alley of roses and the alley of vines, planted by the famous guests of Abrau, decorates the walking area near the Abrau-Dyurso champagne factory.

Lake Abrau

Lake Abrau has been recognized as a Nature Reserve of the Krasnodar Territory since 1979.

Lake Abrau is the main attraction of the resort area Abrau-Dyurso (14 km from Novorossiysk). Green trails around Lake Abrau attract a large number of people who want to plunge into picturesque trips to the places of the south-west of the Krasnodar Territory on the Abrau Peninsula for hiking. The water in Lake Abrau has a really deep emerald color and warms up to +28 C in summer.

Lake Abrau is a large freshwater body of water in the Krasnodar Territory, located at an altitude of 83 meters above sea level. The area of ​​the entire water surface of Lake Abrau is 0.6 sq. km, length 3 km, width 630 meters, maximum depth 10 meters. The river of the same name flows into Lake Abrau, at the bottom of Lake Abrau there are several springs, but there is no runoff near Lake Abrau. Scientists are still working on the mystery of the origin of Lake Abrau. A beautiful legend is about the love of a rich girl Abrau from the Adyghe aul and a poor shepherd, who was prevented by the bride's parents. The girl had to run to her lover along the surface of the lake, but she did not drown. The legend of Lake Abrau says that the footprints of the beautiful Abrau turned into a whitening strip visible on the lake, which freezes last even in winter.

Durso village

The main flow of tourists for a beach holiday falls on the village of Durso, which since 1871 has been part of Abrau-Dyurso. The small village of Durso (translated as "Four Springs") is located right by the Black Sea in the valley of the Durso River and is surrounded by mountains. Rest in Durso is quiet, without an active resort area with nightclubs and bars. Rest in Durso is more like a trip to the province or a country walk to the Black Sea. Small hotels and car camping are located near the beach in a gorge between high hills. The beaches in Durso are a small strip of land along the Black Sea, surrounded by rocks on both sides.

The central beach in the resort town of Durso is pebbly, equipped and clean. Water activities are present in the form of Pills, Bananas, trampolines and inflatable slides for children.

The Durso River has a basin area of ​​50 sq. km and a length of 14 km. The Durso River originates in the Kryazh tract, flows west of Lake Abrau and flows into the Black Sea.

The village of Yuzhnaya Ozereevka (20 km from Novorossiysk) welcomes lovers of diving and spearfishing with a dozen recreation centers. South Ozereevka Beach is a two-kilometer pebble coastline that rests on rocks.

Lake "Small Limanchik" is a fresh water reservoir on the Black Sea coast. It is separated from the sea by a stone spit, and vacationers can alternately swim in fresh and salt water, as if in two different lagoons. There used to be a recreation center here. Now "wild" tourists with tent camps are independent regulars of this small lake.

The Krasnodar Territory is famous for its wealth and beauty. There are a lot of things in it: mountains, hills of different heights, rivers and streams, there are also several lakes.
The largest local lake with fresh water is Abrau. It is 3 kilometers long and 630 meters wide. It can be found on the Abrau Peninsula, it is 14 kilometers from. The local plant for the production of famous Abrau-Durso sparkling wines also uses his name.

Scientists still cannot come to a common denominator about the origin of the lake. Some say karst shifts are to blame, others sin on landslides, others argue that Abrau is the remnant of the once large Cimmerian basin, allegedly located in those places.

The locals are also not far behind, they have their own version, not devoid of romanticism. Allegedly, the shepherd Durso (apparently French) and the daughter of wealthy parents Abrau once lived in those places. Parents, of course, were not going to accept the poor guy and locked her in the house, wishing the aul to fail somewhere. Here, they say, the village, along with the layer of earth, sank, and the groundwater came out.

Another legend says that on the site of the lake there was an aul with rich and arrogant inhabitants. They wanted to pave the road to the sea with gold and silver (there was absolutely nowhere to see). However, this seemed too much to the higher forces and the whole village fell down, and underground water came out.
There is only one conclusion: the inhabitants believe the underground origin of the lake and some kind of shift of the earth layer.

The peculiarity of the lake is that it is drainless, not a single river flows out, and there is only one tributary - the Durso, not counting the numerous small springs and streams that carry their water from the peaks.

Lake today

Abrau is certainly a natural monument of the region, its picturesque and peaceful corner. At its deepest point, it is 11m, but local elders are sure that a few decades ago the depth was 30m. This indicates a rapid siltation of water and gradually the reservoir becomes shallower, although the authorities are trying to take action.
On the one hand, there are no visible drains from the lake, only tributaries, but the water goes somewhere. Maybe it returns underground or dries up?

Nearby on the shore there is a plant bearing the same name, they have been peacefully coexisting for a long time and it practically does not interfere with the picturesque pictures around. Unless it makes a small adjustment, hinting at human activity. Tourists are taken to it every now and then, arranging excursions, where they tell how and where Taman wines are made. The program also includes a visit to the lake itself. the guide can tell you one of the local legends about the origin of the name.

Otherwise, Abrau is a large, beautiful lake framed by trees, dense thickets found on the banks, stones of various sizes. Walking in those places is a pleasure, since the mild and temperate climate of the region is conducive to this. The expanse of water now and then cut through boats and boats with fishermen meet here and there. There is also a church nearby, it can be clearly seen from the water on the top of a small hill, standing close to the water.
The lake itself is also quite inhabited. Silt and algae, there are crayfish, you can catch Abrau kilka. You can also swim in it.